Table 2.

Rochester Criteria for Identification of Febrile Infants ≤ 60 days old with Bacteremia and/or Bacterial Meningitis

Age Group	High-Risk PMH1 N (%)	Symptomatic or Ill-appearing N (%)	UA > 10 WBCs N (%)2	Peripheral WBC > 15,000 or < 5,000 N (%)	Absolute Band Count > 1,500 N (%)3	Symptomatic or Ill-appearing or abnormal WBC/band count4 N (%)	Non low-risk per Rochester criteria5 N (%, 95% CI)
Bacteremia
Overall6 (n=78)	21 (26.9)	33 (42.3)	42/75 (56.0)	35 (44.9)	17/63 (27.0)	54 (69.2)	72 (92.3, 95% CI: 84.2–96.4)
≤ 28 days (n=45)	10 (22.2)	18 (40.0)	25/42 (59.5)	22 (48.9)	13/40 (32.5)	32 (71.1)	41 (91.1, 95% CI: 79.3–96.5)
29–60 days (n=33)	11 (33.3)	15 (45.5)	17/33 (51.5)	13 (39.4)	4/23 (17.4)	22 (66.7)	31 (93.9, 95% CI: 80.4–98.3)
Bacterial Meningitis
Overall6 (n=10)	4 (40.0)	9 (90.0)	1/8 (12.5)	4 (40.0)	2/8 (25.0)	9 (90.0)	9 (90.0, 95% CI: 60.0–98.2)
≤ 28 days (n=9)	4 (44.4)	8 (88.9)	1/7 (14.3)	4 (44.4)	2/7 (28.6)	8 (88.9)	8 (88.9, 95% CI: 56.5–98.0)
29–60 days (n=1)	0 (0)	1 (100)	0/1 (0)	0 (0)	0/1 (0)	1 (100)	1 (100, 95% CI: 20.6–100.0)

¹Gestational age < 37 weeks, prior hospitalization or antibiotics, prior sepsis evaluation for fever, immunodeficiency, urinary tract abnormality prior to ED visit, neurologic abnormality, gastrointestinal abnormality, other severe or chronic condition

²3 patients did not have a urinalysis obtained, including 1 with bacterial meningitis

³2 of 8 hospitals do not report band count; denominator comprises all infants at the remaining 6 hospitals, including those infants with band count “not reported”

⁴Abnormal WBC/band count defined as peripheral WBC > 15,000 or < 5,000 or absolute band count > 1500

⁵Any positive finding in the preceding categories, separately calculated for bacteremia and bacterial meningitis

⁶Includes infants with temperature of ≥ 38.0° C (100.4° F) at home or in ED

Abbreviations: PMH, Past Medical History; UA, Urinalysis; WBC, White Blood Cell; CBC, Complete Blood Count