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. 2019 Dec 5;2019:7954657. doi: 10.1155/2019/7954657

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Characterization of CMs, CMVECs, exosomes, and cellular internalization. (a) Purified CMs were double stained for cTnT (red) and DAPI (blue) and observed under a fluorescence microscope (Olympus, Japan). (b) The CCK-8 assay showed that hypoxia pretreatment for 12 h significantly increased cell viability. (c) A confluent endothelial monolayer with cobblestone morphology was observed by inverted microscopy. The typical surface antigens of CMVECs, CD31, CD34, and vWF were detected by FMC. (d) Transmission electron microscopy analysis of CM-exos in two groups. Scale bar = 100 nm. (e) Western blotting of the exosome markers CD63, CD9, and Alix. (f) Fluorescence photomicrographs showing internalized DiI-labeled CM-exos (red) in DAPI-labeled CMVECs (blue). Scale bar = 20 μm. (g) Representative dot plots of cell proliferation after EdU staining. (h) Quantitative analysis of proliferative cells. n = 3; ∗P < 0.05 compared with 0 μg/ml; #P < 0.05 compared with 200 μg/ml.