Table 3.
Diagnostic ability of the changes in haemodynamic variables to diagnose a fluid-induced increase in cardiac output ≥ 15%
| r vs. changes in CO | p value for the correlation | Sensitivity | Specificity | Positive PV | Negative PV | Positive LR | Negative LR | Best threshold | AUROC | p value for AUROC vs. 0.50 | n | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Decrease in HR (in %) | – | 0.06 | 49 (43–55) | 57 (50–64) | 59 (54–63) | 47 (43–54) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | < − 2% | 0.529 ± 0.026* | 0.27 | 479 |
| Increase in SAP (in %) | 0.38 | < 0.0001 | 65 (58–70) | 66 (66–73) | 71 (66–75) | 60 (55–64) | 1.9 (1.6–2.4) | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) | > 9% | 0.697 ± 0.024 | < 0.001 | 482 |
| Increase in MAP (in %) | 0.33 | < 0.0001 | 58 (52–64) | 70 (63–76) | 71 (66–75) | 57 (53–61) | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | > 8% | 0.654 ± 0.026* | < 0.001 | 484 |
| Increase in DAP (in %) | – | 0.84 | 53 (46–60) | 52 (45–59) | 54 (49–58) | 51 (46–56) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | > 31% | 0.509 ± 0.029* | 0.77 | 410 |
| Decrease in shock index (in %) | − 0.35 | < 0.0001 | 66 (60–72) | 64 (57–70) | 70 (66–74) | 60 (55–64) | 2.0 (1.6–2.4) | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) | < − 9% | 0.688 ± 0.024 | < 0.001 | 479 |
| Increase in PP/HR ratio (in %) | 0.33 | < 0.0001 | 52 (46–58) | 79 (72–83) | 76 (70–80) | 56 (52–59) | 2.4 (1.8–3.2) | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | > 41% | 0.668 ± 0.024 | < 0.001 | 479 |
| Increase in PP (in %) | 0.38 | < 0.0001 | 72 (66–77) | 64 (57–70) | 71 (67–75) | 65 (60–70) | 1.8 (1.5–2.2) | 0.4 (0.4–0.5) | > 10% | 0.719 ± 0.023 | < 0.001 | 478 |
| Decrease in PPV (in abs val) (all) | − 0.24* | < 0.0001 | 64 (57–71) | 63 (54–70) | 70 (64–74) | 57 (52–63) | 1.7 (1.4–2.2) | 6.0 (0.5–0.7) | < − 2 points | 0.663 ± 0.028* | < 0.001 | 357 |
| Decrease in PPV (in abs val) (without arrhythmia, spontaneous breathing, and ARDS) | − 0.24* | < 0.0001 | 48 (28–69) | 100 (73–100) | 100 (75–100) | 48 (39–57) | – | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | < − 7 points | 0.750 ± 0.080 | < 0.001 | 37 |
| Decrease in PPV (in abs val) (without arrhythmia and spontaneous breathing) | 0.56 | < 0.0001 | 33 (23–44) | 86 (77–93) | 74 (59–84) | 54 (50–58) | 2.5 (1.3–4.9) | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) | < − 8 points | 0.532 ± 0.045 | 0.48 | 160 |
AUROC area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, CO cardiac output, DAP diastolic arterial pressure, HR heart rate, LR likelihood ratio, MAP mean arterial pressure, n number of patients included in the analysis after exclusion of outliers, PP pulse pressure, PPV pulse pressure variation, PV predictive value, SAP systolic arterial pressure, Vt tidal volume
* p < 0.05 vs. results obtained for changes in PP (in %). Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or mean (95% confidence interval)