Table 4.
Multivariable linear regression models explaining association between biomarkers and parameters of cardiac autonomic function
| Cardiac autonomic function measures | Biomarkers | β | CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP | IL-6 | −.46 | −.90, −.13 | .009* |
| LF power | IL-6 | −.35 | −.83, −.01 | .04* |
| RMSSD | IL-18 | −.37 | −.57, −.01 | .03* |
| pNN50 | IL-18 | −.52 | −1.58, −.14 | .02* |
| HF power | IL-18 | −.40 | −1.22, −.11 | .01* |
| ∆ HR | hsCRP | −.37 | −.41, −.05 | .01# |
| RMSSD | hsCRP | −.41 | −.54, −.08 | .009* |
| 30/15 ratio | hsCRP | −.37 | −.14, −.01 | .01* |
| TP | hsCRP | −.37 | −.70, −.06 | .01* |
| LF power | hsCRP | −.34 | −.70, −.004 | .02* |
| HF power | hsCRP | .49 | −1.21, −.33 | .001# |
| ∆ HR | NO | .60 | .23, .54 | < .001# |
| 30/15 ratio | NO | .41 | .02, .15 | .006* |
| RMSSD | NO | .74 | .55, 4.20 | < .001* |
| TP | NO | .43 | .15, .79 | .005# |
| HF power | NO | .41 | −.19, 1.14 | .007* |
| ∆ HR | eNOS | .47 | .10, .37 | .001# |
| 30/15 ratio | eNOS | .33 | .005, .10 | .03* |
| RMSSD | eNOS | .44 | .09, .45 | .004* |
| ∆ HR | ET-1 | −.56 | −.64, −.24 | <.001# |
β: beta; CI: confidence intervals; ∆HR: change in heart rate during deep breathing test; 30/15 ratio: ratio of R-R interval during 30th and 15th second of the head-up tilt test; RMSSD: root mean square of successive differences between adjacent R-R intervals; pNN50: percentage of consecutive N-N intervals that differ by more than 50 ms TP: total power; LF: high frequency; HF: high frequency; IL: interleukin; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; NO: nitric oxide; ENOS: endothelial nitric oxide synthase; *significant independent association; #association explained by co-variables; refer to supplementary material 2 and 3 for more details