Table 2.
Guideline‐Recommended Doses of RAASi During Follow‐Up
| Drug | Guideline‐Recommended Daily Dose (mg) | CKD Cohort, n (%) | HF Cohort, n (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prescriptions | Prescriptions ≥50% Guideline‐Recommended Dose | Patients | Prescriptions | Prescriptions ≥50% Guideline‐Recommended Dose | Patients | ||
| ACEIs | ··· | 2 558 015 (66.81) | 1 628 928 (63.68) | 76 788 (76.35) | 245 524 (54.39) | 150 468 (61.28) | 9636 (73.48%) |
| Ramipril | 10 | 1 518 468 (39.66) | 1 001 162 (65.93) | 48 960 (48.68) | 195 053 (43.21) | 120 869 (61.97) | 7874 (60.05%) |
| Lisinopril | 20 | 827 171 (21.60) | 515 919 (62.37) | 24 820 (24.68) | 40 869 (9.05) | 25 339 (62.00) | 1643 (12.53%) |
| Enalapril maleate | 40 | 198 480 (5.18) | 104 383 (52.59) | 5461 (5.43) | 9160 (2.03) | 4048 (44.19) | 362 (2.76%) |
| Captopril | 150 | 13 896 (0.36) | 7464 (53.71) | 469 (0.47) | 442 (0.10) | 212 (47.96) | 26 (0.20%) |
| ARBs | ··· | 1 089 808 (28.46) | 433 446 (39.77) | 32 297 (32.11) | 90 935 (20.15) | 31 914 (35.10) | 3291 (25.10%) |
| Candesartan cilexetil | 32 | 517 665 (13.52) | 181 537 (35.07) | 16 526 (16.43) | 55 597 (12.32) | 19 285 (34.69) | 1990 (15.18%) |
| Losartan K+ | 150 | 473 597 (12.37) | 205 895 (43.47) | 16 448 (16.35) | 27 633 (6.12) | 9788 (35.42) | 1315 (10.03%) |
| Valsartan | 320 | 98 546 (2.57) | 46 014 (46.69) | 3120 (3.10) | 7705 (1.71) | 2841 (36.87) | 271 (2.07%) |
| MRAs | ··· | 181 199 (4.73) | 165 280 (91.21) | 9687 (9.63) | 114 933 (25.46) | 104 021 (90.51) | 5640 (43.01%) |
| Spironolactone | 50 | 168 822 (4.41) | 153 765 (91.08) | 9252 (9.20) | 99 159 (21.97) | 88 965 (89.72) | 5126 (39.09%) |
| Eplerenone | 50 | 12 377 (0.32) | 11 515 (93.04) | 666 (0.66) | 15 774 (3.49) | 15 056 (95.45) | 779 (5.94%) |
| Total | ··· | 3 829 022 | 2 227 654 (58.18) | 100 572 | 451 392 | 286 403 (63.45) | 13 113 |
ACEI indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HF, heart failure; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; RAASi, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors.