Table 2.
Total extraction yield (TEY), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (ABTS and FRAP) of PLE and UAE spruce extracts with water (PLE_H2O) and absolute ethanol (PLE_EtOH and UAE_EtOH).
| TEY | TPC | TFC | ABTS | FRAP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mg/g dw | mg GAEs/g dw | mg QEs/g dw | mg TEs/g dw | µmol FeSO4·7H2O/g dw | |
| PLE_H2O | 130.7 ± 8.62 a | 33.45 ± 1.44 a | 19.03 ± 0.98 a | 69.87 ± 1.46 c | 389.10 ± 16.87 b |
| PLE_EtOH | 127.9 ± 2.52 a | 46.32 ± 2.17 b | 21.14 ± 1.42 a | 257.11 ± 13.31 a | 506.10 ± 31.37 a |
| UAE_EtOH | 123.3 ± 5.77 a | 54.97 ± 2.00 c | 14.44 ± 1.31 b | 128.47 ± 8.61 b | 580.25 ± 25.18 a |
a–c Values are means of three replications ± standard deviation. Values in the same column followed by different superscript letters differ significantly (p < 0.05). PLE: pressurized liquid extraction. UAE: ultrasound-assisted extraction.