Figure 2.

Active micromixing designs. (a) An electroosmotic micromixer with two electrode pairs. (b) A pressure driven microfluidic mixer. (c) The bubble burst-and-reformation based mixer, reproduced with permission from [69], published by Springer Nature, 2017. (d) Acoustic active micromixing. (e) Synergetic passive and active mixing mechanism. Solid triangular shaped blocks added in the path stream to contribute to an active mixer such as electroosmotic or acoustic. (f) Magnetic mixing with ferro fluids.