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. 2019 Dec 16;10:5401. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13349-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Coupling effects through fluorescence measurements for 1.4/2.1 nm CQDs molecules. a Ensemble photoluminescence lifetime decay for monomer (blue line), unfused dimer (green line), and fused dimer (red line). Time-tagged, time-resolved data for single (b) CQD monomer and (c) fused dimer. Shown are (from left to right) photoluminescence intensity time trace, second-order photon correlation and lifetime for the single particle respectively (the green and dark gray lifetime curves were generated from data shaded in the same color in the corresponding time traces). The excitation fluence (<N>) for monomer and coupled dimer in the represented figures were 0.05 and 0.08, respectively. d Possible coupling mechanisms for shortening of lifetime in molecules. e Multicarrier configurations. f Pump fluence dependency of lifetime for an individual fused dimer. <N> values are 0.03 (brown trace), to 0.09 (green trace) and 0.18 (blue trace).