Table 4.
Actual and perceived body measurements in female fashion models and nonmodels.
| Variable | Nonmodels, mean (SD) | Models, mean (SD) | P valuea | Partial η2 | Cohen f | F (df)b | Wilks Λb | P valueb | ||||
| Actual body measurements (cm) | 50.33 (7,91) | 0.205 | <.001 | |||||||||
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Shoulder | 32.11 (2.22) | 35.18 (2.17) | .10 | 0.038 | 0.198 |
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Bust | 85.76 (6.01) | 80.58 (3.99) | .20 | 0.021 | 0.144 |
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Bicep | 28.61 (6.18) | 22.37 (2.30) | <.001 | 0.223 | 0.537 |
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Waist | 74.11 (6.45) | 64.68 (4.94) | <.001 | 0.244 | 0.568 |
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Hip | 96.11 (7.09) | 89.03 (4.65) | <.001 | 0.101 | 0.336 |
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Thigh girth | 46.53 (7.09) | 44.58 (3.02) | <.001 | 0.094 | 0.322 |
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Calf girth | 42.08 (6.09) | 32.51 (2.75) | <.001 | 0.450 | 0.904 |
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Scaled body average | 0.98 (0.07) | 0.99 (0.05) | .98 | 0.000004 | 0.002 |
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| Perceived body measurements (cm) | 4.85 (7,91) | 0.382 | <.001 | |||||||||
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Shoulder | 31.55 (1.91) | 31.38 (2.05) | .94 | 0.00006 | 0.008 |
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Bust | 79.18 (8.61) | 77.32 (8.42) | .09 | 0.040 | 0.205 |
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Bicep | 24.24 (2.80) | 22.37 (2.20) | .21 | 0.019 | 0.141 |
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Waist | 62.11 (2.77) | 60.31 (2.11) | .53 | 0.005 | 0.072 |
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Hip | 90.97 (5.92) | 89.54 (5.73) | .20 | 0.021 | 0.147 |
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Thigh girth | 34.45 (4.60) | 31.55 (2.73) | .18 | 0.027 | 0.166 |
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Calf girth | 31.55 (4.12) | 29.60 (2.95) | .87 | 0.0005 | 0.021 |
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Scaled body average | 0.98 (0.06) | 0.99 (0.04) | <.001 | 0.145 | 0.413 |
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| Differences between actual and perceived measurements (cm) | 21.03 (7,91) | 0.205 | <.001 | |||||||||
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Shoulder | –0.59 (2.58) | –3.83 (3.05) | .19 | 0.023 | 0.155 |
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Bust | –6.54 (8.12) | –3.23 (8.75) | .03 | 0.060 | 0.253 |
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Bicep | –4.34 (6.97) | 0.01 (2.76) | <.001 | 0.218 | 0.529 |
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Waist | –11.91 (6.27) | –4.30 (5.20) | <.001 | 0.166 | 0.447 |
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Hip | –5.04 (8.46) | 0.58 (6.13) | <.001 | 0.092 | 0.317 |
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Thigh girth | –12.05 (9.07) | –12.95 (3.32) | .19 | 0.024 | 0.158 |
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Calf girth | –10.53 (8.25) | –2.86 (3.54) | <.001 | 0.336 | 0.711 |
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Scaled body average | –0.62 (0.42) | –0.046 (0.43) | <.001 | 0.162 | 0.440 |
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aP values corrected for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure.
bMeasured using multivariate analysis of covariance.