Table 2.
Literature survey of age acceleration
| Reference | Phenotype | AIM | SIG | Age acceleration method | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Horvath [14] | Obesity | No | Yes | Residuals of DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Marioni et al. [15] | All-cause mortality | Yes | Yes | Δ-age | ||
| Levine et al. [16] | Lung cancer incidence | Yes | Yes | IEAA | ||
| Levine et al. [17] | Neuritic plaque | Yes | Yes | Residuals of DNAm age regressed on chronological age and sex | ||
| Horvath et al. [18] | Parkinson’s disease | Yes | No | AgeAccel | ||
| Yes | No | IEAA | ||||
| Yes | Yes | EEAA | ||||
| Horvath et al. [19] | Down syndrome | No | Yes | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age in controls | ||
| Marioni et al. [20] | Fitness variables | Yes | Yes | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Horvath et al. [21] | HIV | No | Yes | AgeAccel | ||
| Horvath et al. [22] | Alzheimer in the cerebellum | Yes | No | Residual DNAm age against chronological age in non-cerebellar brain sample | ||
| Horvath et al. [23] | Longevity | No | Yes | AgeAccel | ||
| No | Yes | IEAA | ||||
| No | Yes | EEAA | ||||
| Walker [24] | Multifocal developmental disorders | No | No | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Lin et al. [25] | Life expectancy | Yes | Yes | Δ-age | ||
| Perna [26] | All-cause mortality | Yes | Yes | Δ-age | ||
| Cancer mortality | Yes | Yes | Δ-age | |||
| Cardiovascular mortality | Yes | Yes | Δ-age | |||
| Horvath [27] | Huntington’s disease | No | Yes | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Levine et al. [28] | Age at menopause | Yes | Yes | AgeAccel | ||
| Horvath [29] | Race/ethnicity | Yes | Yes | EEAA | ||
| Chen et al. [30] | Time of death | Yes | Yes | EEAA | ||
| Yes | Yes | IEAA | ||||
| Yes | Yes | AgeAccel | ||||
| Simpkin et al. [31] | Birth weight | No | Yes | Δ-age | ||
| Gao et al. [32] | Smoking status | Yes | No | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Cumulative exposure | Yes | No | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | |||
| Cessation time | Yes | No | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | |||
| Breitling et al. [33] | Frailty | Yes | Yes | Δ-age | ||
| Ward-Caviness et al. [34] | Air pollution | No | Yes | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Yes | Yes | EEAA | ||||
| Yes | Yes | IEAA | ||||
| Levine et al. [35] | HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders | Yes | Yes | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Armstrong et al. [36] | Longevity | No | Yes | AgeAccel - Hannum | ||
| McKinney et al. [37] | Schizophrenia duration | No | No | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Wolf et al. [38] | PTSD hyperarousal | No | Yes | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| PTSD severity | No | No | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | |||
| Quach et al. [39] | Diet and lifestyle | Yes | Yes | EEAA | ||
| Diet and lifestyle | Yes | Yes | IEAA | |||
| Binder et al. [40] | Time to menarche | No | Yes | AgeAccel | ||
| Pubertal tempo | No | Yes | AgeAccel | |||
| Breast fibro-glandular volume | No | Yes | AgeAccel | |||
| Dugué [41] | Mortality | Yes | Yes | Residuals DNAm age regressed on chronological age | ||
| Yes | Yes | IEAA | ||||