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. 2019 Dec 17;17:422. doi: 10.1186/s12967-019-02166-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 8 — Impacts of Gdf11 gene transfer on expression of genes involved in inflammation, thermogenesis, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Tissue was isolated from mice at the end of 8-week feeding period after gene transfer. a Relative mRNA levels of inflammatory genes and macrophage markers in the EWAT; b histoimmunochemistry of WAT with F4/80 antibody; c relative mRNA levels of thermogenic genes in brown adipose tissue; d the protein level of UCP1 and UCP2 in BAT (lift side) and scanning density of the protein bands (right side); e relative mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver; f relative mRNA levels of genes involved in β oxidation in the liver; g relative mRNA levels of genes involved in glucose metabolism in the liver. Each data point represents mean ± SEM (n = 5). *P < 0.05 comparing to mice fed regular Chow, ^#P < 0.05 comparing to mice fed an HFD and injected with control plasmids