Table 3.
Products, their characteristics, uses and the species used for making them
| S. no. | Product | Uses | Species used |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tools | |||
| 1. | Basola | For shaping wooden implements and other artefacts | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 2 | Bralu | For collection of leaf litter and for the seperation of husk during grain threshing | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Sorbaria tomentosa |
| 3 | Buhaar | For cleaning house and the surroundings | Arundinaria falcata, Pinus wallichiana, Spiraea canescens |
| 4 | Charkha | For spinning natural fibres into thread | Juglans regia |
| 5 | Charnu | For churning fresh homemade curd | Juglans regia, Picea smithiana, Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 6 | Chhedu | For cooking feasts in temple | Cotoneaster bacillaris |
| 7 | Chosar | For cleaning and sanding surfaces | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Juglans regia |
| 8 | Daangu | For support while walking | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Quercus semecarpifolia, Sorbaria tomentosa, Viburnum erubescens |
| 9 | Dbotan | For washing cloths | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 10 | Draati | For harvesting crops or forage | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Quercus semecarpifolia, Salix alba |
| 11 | Fauda | For collecting grains & also cow dung | Cedrus deodara, Cotoneaster bacillaris, Picea smithiana |
| 12 | Graanu | For removing snow | Abies pindrow, Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana, Pinus wallichiana |
| 13 | Hal | For ploughing fields | Quercus semecarpifolia, Salix alba, Taxus baccata |
| 14 | Hathoda | For fixing nails and breaking apart objects | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 15 | Julnu | For carrying fodder | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 16 | Kangternu | For making ropes | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Sorbaria tomentosa, Spiraea canescens |
| 17 | Khis | For making marks on wood | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Juglans regia |
| 18 | Kudali | For digging and weeding | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 19 | Kulhadi | For shaping, splitting and cutting wood | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 20 | Mandyana | For thickening pattu (hand weaved cloth) | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana, Juglans regia |
| 21 | Mattiyaan | For breaking clods | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 22 | Moe | For levelling the land after ploughing | Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 23 | Naalu | For directing air to boost wooden fire | Arundinaria falcata |
| 24 | Nanaat | For arranging threads before weaving | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 25 | Nihaan | For making wooden items. It is used to fix the window and door | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Juglans regia |
| 26 | Pithu | For carrying stones or bricks on back | Aesculus indica, Juglans regia, Picea smithiana, Ulmus wallichiana |
| 27 | Rach | For weaving woollen items | Arundinaria falcata, Juglans regia, Ulmus wallichiana, Picea smithiana, Cedrus deodara |
| 28 | Randa | For smoothening wood | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Juglans regia |
| 29 | Shaander | For pre-processing of fibre before weaving | Arundinaria falcata |
| 30 | Therna | For making yarn from wool | Quercus semecarpifolia, Sorbaria tomentosa |
| 31 | Tippan | For crushing fruits of Aesculus indica to make flour | Juglans regia, Quercus semecarpifolia, Taxus baccata, Ulmus wallichiana |
| 32 | Toka | Wooden implement upon which wood or meat is cut | Quercus semecarpifolia |
| 33 | Trethu | For hand threshing of cereals | Cotoneaster bacillaris |
| 34 | Ukhal and Mool | For grinding and milling | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana, Quercus semecarpifolia, Taxus baccata, Ulmus wallichiana |
| Storage structures | |||
| 35 | Bhaad | For storing dried fodder | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 36 | Bhujnu | For storing fodder in an open place | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 37 | Dhaad | For rearing honey bees | Ulmus wallichiana |
| 38 | Kothar | For keeping daily use items such as ration or cloths | Abies pindrow, Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 39 | Mlaii | For storage of cow dung as manure | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana, |
| 40 | Pedu | For storing crops such as potato | Arundinaria falcata,Ulmus wallichiana |
| Construction use | |||
| 41 | Baada | A gate restricting entry of animals into house | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 42 | Ghar | House for living | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana, Abies pindrow, Pinus wallichiana |
| 43 | Mandar | For worshipping deities | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 44 | Oda | For keeping hens | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana, Pinus wallichiana, Ulmus wallichiana |
| 45 | Puliya | For crossing small rivulets | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| 46 | Siddi | For climbing to reach higher places | Cedrus deodara, Picea smithiana |
| Artefacts | |||
| 47 | Chikda | For covering mouth of animals to prevent grazing | Cannabis sativa |
| 48 | Kirda | For carrying cow dung and other farm products | Arundinaria falcata |
| 49 | Mandari | Mat for sitting or lying | Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum |
| 50 | Rassi | For tieing animals, fodder and other artefacts | Cannabis sativa |
| 51 | Ruche | Shoes for walking over snow | Cannabis sativa |
| 52 | Traani | For drying household use material | Arundinaria falcata |
| 53 | Treda | For carrying objects on head | Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum |
| Miscellaneous | |||
| 54 | Jyun | For supporting creepers/vines such as Rajmah, Cucumber, etc. | Arundinaria falcata, Desmodium elegans, Indigofera heterantha, Sorbaria tomentosa |
| 55 | Patdu | Stool for sitting | Cedrus deodara, Juglans regia, Picea smithiana, Pinus wallichiana |