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. 2019 Jul 17;25(13-14):1023–1036. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0202

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3.

(a) MTS viability of undifferentiated and differentiated muscle rings after being frozen for 24 h in growth medium with varying concentrations of DMSO (mean ± SD, n = 3). Viability is normalized to that of the unfrozen control. (b) MTS viability of undifferentiated muscle rings after being frozen for varying time periods in growth media with 10% DMSO (mean ± SD, n = 3). (c) MTS viability of undifferentiated and differentiated muscle rings frozen for 48 h at −80°C or 24 h in −80°C followed by 24 h in liquid nitrogen (mean ± SD, n = 3). (d, e) Confocal images of differentiated muscle treated with calcein AM (green) to visualize live cells and ethidium homodimer-1 (red) to visualize dead cells. Scale bar = 200 μm. (f) Ratio of mean fluorescence intensity of ethidium homodimer-1 (red) to calcein AM (green) in unfrozen and frozen differentiated muscle rings (mean ± SD, n = 4,5) (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; SD, standard deviation.