Mingo‐Botin 2010.

Methods	Study design: randomised controlled trial Study grouping: parallel group Eyes/people: 1 eye per person included in the study (study eye); unclear how this study eye was selected.
Participants	Baseline characteristics Toric IOLs Mean age in years (range): 72 (44–90) Sex (% men): not reported Preoperative astigmatism: corneal: 1.73 (SD 0.59) Preoperative astigmatism: refractive: –1.89 (SD 0.57) Number of people (eyes): 20 (20) LRI Mean age in years (range): 76 (64–85) Sex (% men): not reported Preoperative astigmatism: corneal: 1.82 (SD 0.53) Preoperative astigmatism: refractive: –2.17 (SD 1.03) Number of people (eyes): 20 (20) Overall Mean age in years (range): 74 (44–90) Sex (% men): not reported Preoperative astigmatism: corneal: 1.78 (SD not reported) Preoperative astigmatism: refractive: –2.03 (SD not reported) Number of people (eyes): 40 (40) Inclusion criteria: visually significant cataract, regular corneal astigmatism 1.00–3.00 D, and pharmacological mydriasis ≥ 6.0 mm to allow intraoperative and postoperative visualisation of axis marks on the toric IOL. Exclusion criteria: previous surgery in the eye under study, ocular disease that would lead to poor postoperative corrected visual acuity (corneal scarring, uveitis, advanced glaucoma, neuro‐ophthalmic disease, significant macular disease or other retinopathy), zonule or pupil abnormalities, and irregular astigmatism or astigmatism outside the defined range. Pretreatment differences: LRI group slightly older.
Interventions	Intervention characteristics Toric IOLs Type of IOL: toric IOL (AcrySof Toric, Alcon, Inc.) LRI Type of IOL: spherical IOL (AcrySof Natural, Alcon, Inc.) Incision technique: in the relaxing incisions group, PCRIs were created inside the limbus using a calibrated diamond knife with the blade depth 600 μm. In eyes with against‐the‐rule astigmatism, the main incision for phacoemulsification was created to match the location of the LRI. At the end of surgery, the PCRIs were performed including the previous incision, and a paired incision was made on the opposite side. In eyes with with‐the‐rule astigmatism, both PCRIs were created on the steep axis before the globe was entered at the beginning of the procedure. Size and location of PCRIs according to the Nichamin nomogram recorded.
Outcomes	Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, intraocular pressure, refraction, keratometry, corneal topography, contrast sensitivity with/without glare, participant satisfaction, quality of  life (VF‐14) Adverse effects: intraoperative complications Follow‐up: 1 day, 1 and 3 months
Identification	Sponsorship source: not reported Country: Spain Authors name: David Mingo‐Botin Email: davimnbot@gmail.com Conflict of interest: none Date study conducted: May 2008 to June 2009 Trial registration ID: not reported
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: "The patients were randomly assigned to receive a toric IOL (AcrySof Toric, Alcon, Inc.) or a spherical IOL (AcrySof Natural, Alcon, Inc.) associated with peripheral corneal relaxing incisions." Judgement comment: insufficient information to judge.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Judgement comment: insufficient information to judge. We contacted study authors for clarification but received no response.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Judgement comment: insufficient information to judge. We contacted study authors for clarification but received no response.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Judgement comment: insufficient information to judge. We contacted study authors for clarification but received no response.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Judgement comment: not reported. We contacted study authors for clarification but received no response.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Judgement comment: insufficient information to judge. We contacted study authors for clarification but received no response.