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. 2019 Nov 18;37(12):1595–1605. doi: 10.1002/stem.3083

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©2019 The Authors. stem cells published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press 2019

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Analysis of cell cycle status in the bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) treated with 5zox. (A): FACS‐based quantification of cell numbers in the BMMSCs treated with vehicle (same amount of DMSO) and 5zox by the fucci G₁‐orange/S/G₂M‐green system. Asterisks represent significant differences (p < .05, n = 3) compared with control. (B): Expression change in the genes associated with cell cycle regulation found by microarray analysis. (C): qRT‐PCR analysis for the expression change of the quiescence‐related genes. Significant differences between nontreatment control and 5zox were detected in all genes represented here (p < .05, n = 3). (D): Reactive oxygen species detection with CellROX dye and FACS. Asterisks represent significant differences (p < .05, n = 3) compared with vehicle control. (E): Detection of apoptosis/necrosis by PI/Annexin V (AnV) staining. PI/AnV double‐positive population indicates cell population undergoing necrosis or late apoptosis. PI^negative/AnV positive fraction indicates cell population undergoing necrosis or early apoptosis.