Table 4.

Comparative results of different methods for comorbidity prediction

	RNN-DAE	RNN-AE	SDAs	PCA	k-means	GMM	Hand
HD	0.745(2)	0.771(1)	0.736(3)	0.545(6)	0.537(7)	0.652(5)	0.654(4)
DM	0.671(1)	0.660(2)	0.422(7)	0.619(6)	0.631(3)	0.627(4.5)	0.627(4.5)
CAD	0.744(2)	0.746(1)	0.609(6)	0.601(7)	0.617(5)	0.741(3)	0.740(4)
AF	0.743(1)	0.522(6)	0.537(4)	0.535(5)	0.404(7)	0.645(2)	0.644(3)
CRD	0.700(2)	0.727(1)	0.554(6)	0.373(7)	0.566(5)	0.699(3)	0.698(4)
VHD	0.586(5)	0.842(3)	0.601(4)	0.258(7)	0.500(6)	0.882(2)	0.902(1)
DCM	0.785(1)	0.777(2)	0.406(7)	0.416(6)	0.440(5)	0.675(3)	0.674(4)
HCM	0.718(2)	0.814(1)	0.201(7)	0.222(6)	0.396(5)	0.438(3)	0.437(4)
COPD	0.747(1)	0.547(3)	0.522(5)	0.577(2)	0.457(7)	0.522(5)	0.522(5)
CID	0.790(3)	0.739(5)	0.474(7)	0.697(6)	0.762(4)	0.872(2)	0.873(1)
Avg.rank	2.000	2.500	5.600	5.800	5.400	3.250	3.450

^⋆Ten selected comorbidities of heart failure are hypertension disease (HD), diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation (AF), chronic renal disease (CRD), valvular heart disease (VHD), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cerebral infarction disease (CID)