Table 2:

Mental health-related quality of life scores (means and standard errors) by daily fiber intake in women. Iowa Women’s Health Study (N=14,129)^a,b.

Score	Total fiber intake (g/day)				P-value
	<14.6	14.7-18.9	19-24.1	24.2-89.4
MH score
Model 1c	51.6 (0.16)	52.5 (0.14)	52.6 (0.14)	53.1 (0.17)	<0.0001g
Model 2d	52.0 (0.16)	52.6 (0.14)	52.5 (0.14)	52.7 (0.17)	0.03g
Model 3e	52.0 (0.16)	52.6 (0.13)	52.5 (0.13)	52.7 (0.16)	0.02g
Adjusted βf	0 (reference)	0.55 (0.17,0.93)	0.46 (0.05, 0.88)	0.62 (0.12, 1.12)	0.02h
MCS score
Model 1c	52.9 (0.17)	53.7 (0.15)	53.7 (0.15)	53.9 (0.18)	0.0005g
Model 2d	53.3 (0.18)	53.7 (0.15)	53.6 (0.15)	53.6 (0.18)	0.29g
Model 3e	53.3 (0.17)	53.7 (0.15)	53.6 (0.15)	53.6 (0.17)	0.26g
Adjusted βf	0 (reference)	0.43 (0.01,0.85)	0.26 (−0.19,0.72)	0.31 (−0.24,0.85)	0.41h

Abbreviations: MH – mental health, MCS – mental health composite score.

^aComparisons are pairwise within a row.

^bResults presented as Least-Squares Means (SE)

^cModel was adjusted for total caloric intake (Kcal/day) and age (years).

^dModel was adjusted for total caloric intake (Kcal/day), age (years), education status (categorical <12, 12, and >12 years), alcohol intake (g), WHR, physical activity (low, medium, high), and smoking status (never, current, former). Reference group: <14.6 g/day of fiber, <12 years of education, never smoker, and low physical activity level.

^eModel was adjusted for total caloric intake (Kcal/day), age (years), education status (categorical; <12, 12, and >12 years), alcohol intake (g), antidepressant use (yes, no), smoking status (never, current, former), WHR, physical activity (low, medium, high). Reference group: <14.6 g/day of fiber, <12 years of education, never smoker, antidepressant nonuser, and low physical activity level.

^fβ Estimate (95% CI) based on fully adjusted Model 3.

^gP-values were calculated using multiple partial F-Test.

^hTests for trend were calculated by fitting categorical variables as ordinal variables.