Table 4.
Mental health-related quality of life scores (means and standard errors) by daily refined fiber intake. Iowa Women’s Health Study (N=14,129)a.
| Score | Total refined fiber intake (grams/day) | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-0.79 | 0.80-1.27 | 1.28-1.95 | 1.96-15.9 | ||
| MH score | |||||
| Least-Square Meansb | 52.6 (0.14) | 52.4 (0.13) | 52.6 (0.13) | 52.2 (0.14) | 0.14d |
| Adjusted βb,c | 0 (reference) | −0.21 (−0.59,0.16) | −0.08 (−0.47,0.30) | −0.45 (−0.86,−0.04) | 0.08e |
| MCS score | |||||
| Least-Square Meansb | 53.5 (0.15) | 53.6 (0.15) | 53.7 (0.14) | 53.3 (0.16) | 0.20d |
| Adjusted βb,c | 0 (reference) | 0.10 (−0.31,0.51) | 0.21 (−0.20,0.63) | −0.23 (−0.68,0.22) | 0.48e |
Abbreviations: MH – mental health, MCS – mental health composite score.
Comparisons are pairwise within a row.
Adjusted for total caloric intake (Kcal/day), age (years), education status (categorical; <12, 12, and >12 years), alcohol intake (g), antidepressant use (yes, no), smoking status (never, current, former), WHR, and physical activity (low, medium, high). Reference group: <14.6 g/day of fiber, <12 years of education, never smoker, antidepressant nonuser, and low physical activity level.
β Estimate (95% CI) from linear regression models.
P-values were calculated using multiple partial F-test.
P-values for tests for trend were calculated by fitting categorical variables as ordinal variables.