Figure 2.

Main effect of cerebellar and striatal network parcel connectivity in SCZ. (a) Functionally-defined networks obtained from 1000 resting-state scans (first defined and independently replicated in 500 scans, respectively) in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and striatum (Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011; Choi et al. 2012). Whole-brain functional connectivity was computed from each of these 7 network parcels in the cerebellum (6 in striatum) and quantified in a Group (SCZ vs. CON group) x Parcel (VIS, SOM, DAN, VAN, LIM, FPCN, and DMN) ANOVA. Networks were broadly grouped as either sensory or associative. (b) Cortical surface view of areas showing significant main effect of Group in whole-brain connectivity with the cerebellar parcels (P < 0.05 TFCE whole-brain corrected) between 159 patients with chronic schizophrenia (SCZ) and 162 healthy controls (CON). Orange/yellow areas indicate regions where patients exhibited stronger cerebellar connectivity, whereas blue areas indicate regions where patients exhibited reduced cerebellar connectivity, relative to controls. Inset shows coverage of all cerebellar parcels. (c) Volume-based axial view of cerebellar connectivity group differences in b with Z-coordinate ranges (each slice in each row increments by 3 mm). (d) Distribution of connectivity strength (Fz) values within voxels showing significant hyper- and hypo-connectivity in SCZ and CON. Bar plots show mean connectivity averaged across all voxels in hyper- and hypo-connected areas. (e–g) Results for identical independent analysis conducted with the 6 functionally-defined striatal network parcels. Note that there was no representation of the visual network in striatum (Choi et al. 2012) and therefore that network was omitted. Abbreviations: VIS, visual network; SOM, somatosensory; DAN, dorsal attention network; VAN, ventral attention network; LIM, limbic network; FPCN, frontoparietal control network; DMN, default mode network.