Table 1.
Discovery cohort demographic summary statistics
| FMD patients (n = 90) |
healthy controls (n = 100) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Summarya | n | Summarya | n |
| Clinical | ||||
| Sex: female | 90 (100.00%) | 90 | 100 (100.00%) | 100 |
| Age at FMD diagnosis | 54 (24–73) | – | ||
| Age at study enrolment | 57 (32–74) | 90 | 50 (34.0–74.0) | 100 |
| Height (in) | 64.0 (58.0–71.0) | 90 | 65.0 (59.0–73.0) | 100 |
| Weight (lbs) | 136.5 (103.0–208.0) | 90 | 141.0 (100.0–240.0) | 100 |
| BMI | 23.1 (18.3–33.6) | 90 | 23.8 (16.6–38.7) | 100 |
| DM | 2 (2.22%) | 90 | 1 (1.00%) | 100 |
| HTN | 54 (60.00%) | 90 | 4 (4.00%) | 100 |
| Ever smoker | 18 (20.00%) | 90 | 18 (18.00%) | 100 |
| Medication use | ||||
| ACE/ARB | 31 (34.44%) | 90 | 2 (2.00%) | 100 |
| Aspirin | 72 (80.00%) | 90 | 5 (5.00%) | 100 |
| Anticoagulation | 5 (5.56%) | 90 | 0 (0.00%) | 100 |
| Beta blocker | 22 (24.44%) | 90 | 4 (4.00%) | 100 |
| Current hormone therapy | 5 (5.56%) | 90 | 10 (10.00%) | 100 |
| Statin | 33 (36.67%) | 90 | 6 (6.00%) | 100 |
| Non-statin lipid lowering | 13 (14.4%) | 90 | 1 (1.00%) | 100 |
| Thyroid replacement | 18 (20.00%) | 90 | 12 (12.00%) | 100 |
| FMD vascular features | ||||
| Aneurysmb | 30 (33.33%) | 90 | – | |
| Dissectionb | 34 (37.78%) | 90 | – | |
| Prior TIA/CVA FMD arterial disease location | 13 (14.61%) | 89 | – | |
| Cervical (carotid/vertebral) | 70 (77.78%) | 90 | – | |
| Coronaryc | 3 (3.33%) | 90 | – | |
| Iliac | 6 (6.67%) | 90 | – | |
| Intracranialc | 12 (13.33%) | 90 | – | |
| Mesenteric | 17 (18.89%) | 90 | – | |
| Renal | 66 (73.33%) | 90 | – | |
| FMD arterial bed involvement | ||||
| Total number of arterial beds involved | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 90 | – | |
Except where stated, all data are as at the time of study enrolment.
ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; DM, diabetes; HTN, hypertension; statin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; CVA, cerebrovascular accident.
Total number of subjects with the described characteristic for yes/no features (percentage in parenthesis); median and min–max range for continuous features.
Aneurysm or dissection is considered a manifestation of FMD only if multifocal (or focal) findings are observed in a separate vascular bed.
Due to the specific features of FMD in these vascular beds, ‘coronary FMD’ implies a coronary artery dissection, while ‘intracranial FMD’ implies an intracranial aneurysm.