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. 2019 Oct 23;8(11):441. doi: 10.3390/plants8110441

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Distribution of CREs within the 1-kb upstream sequence from the transcription start site and positional requirement for the effectiveness of CREs. Genes bearing CREs (shown at the right panel) in different locations upstream of the promoter were subdivided and assayed separately for a significant effect on regulation. By comparison to expected number regulated genes randomly drawn from the genome (white bars), CREs at different positions were scored as having a significant (*; p < 0.05) or non-significant effect on regulation in each microarray experiment.