Table 5.
Grain yield and other agronomic traits of maize accessions (best check, and top 10 and worst 5 landraces based on index selection) evaluated under managed drought stress, heat stress and combined drought and heat stress between 2017 and 2019.
| Accession | GY (Kg/ha) | AD (Days) | SD (Days) | ASI (Days) | PLHT (cm) | PASP (Scale: 1–9) | SG (Scale: 1–9) | EPP | EASP (Scale: 1–9) | YR (%) | BI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Managed Drought Stress | |||||||||||
| GH-3505 | 3901.61 | 56 | 58 | 3 | 183 | 3 | 3 | 0.94 | 3 | 14.75 | 14.98 |
| TZm-1317 | 2586.92 | 54 | 57 | 3 | 180 | 4 | 3 | 0.79 | 4 | 34.25 | 8.52 |
| TZm-1307 | 2336.55 | 54 | 56 | 2 | 172 | 5 | 3 | 0.83 | 5 | 43.38 | 6.57 |
| GH-4859 | 2591.27 | 56 | 59 | 3 | 150 | 4 | 3 | 0.49 | 5 | 23.94 | 6.03 |
| GH-5756 | 2236.72 | 57 | 60 | 3 | 163 | 5 | 3 | 0.80 | 5 | 50.80 | 5.63 |
| TZm-1273 | 2251.48 | 56 | 59 | 3 | 141 | 5 | 3 | 0.77 | 5 | 5.70 | 5.50 |
| TZm-1353 | 2359.25 | 52 | 56 | 4 | 153 | 4 | 4 | 0.64 | 4 | 44.06 | 5.13 |
| TZm-1312 | 2462.75 | 57 | 60 | 4 | 162 | 5 | 3 | 0.68 | 5 | 42.47 | 5.10 |
| TZm 1311 | 2248.39 | 58 | 62 | 4 | 173 | 5 | 3 | 0.75 | 5 | 23.36 | 4.89 |
| TZm-1473 | 1951.92 | 49 | 50 | 2 | 153 | 5 | 3 | 0.68 | 5 | 38.71 | 4.67 |
| Check 2 | 2139.95 | 52 | 57 | 5 | 122 | 5 | 4 | 0.69 | 5 | 45.29 | 2.33 |
| TZm-1504 | 823.39 | 54 | 62 | 8 | 124 | 6 | 4 | 0.46 | 7 | 63.58 | −6.91 |
| TZm-1488 | 573.92 | 56 | 64 | 8 | 112 | 7 | 5 | 0.30 | 8 | 82.41 | −11.89 |
| TZm-1446 | 505.46 | 55 | 63 | 8 | 109 | 7 | 5 | 0.22 | 8 | 76.24 | −12.53 |
| TZm-1551 | 478.75 | 55 | 64 | 9 | 93 | 7 | 5 | 0.20 | 8 | 78.85 | −13.21 |
| TZm-1441 | 473.36 | 50 | 60 | 10 | 100 | 7 | 5 | 0.21 | 8 | 80.06 | −13.66 |
| MEAN | 1743.62 | 55 | 60 | 5 | 142 | 5 | 4 | 0.57 | 5 | 45.60 | |
| Heat Stress | |||||||||||
| Check 1 GH-4859 |
3151.11 3066.86 |
67 70 |
69 72 |
2 2 |
156 172 |
4 4 |
3 3 |
0.75 0.71 |
4 4 |
54.50 9.99 |
13.53 11.67 |
| TZm-1353 | 3922.93 | 65 | 69 | 4 | 186 | 4 | 3 | 0.65 | 4 | 6.98 | 10.75 |
| TZm-1488 | 1913.70 | 67 | 68 | 1 | 165 | 4 | 3 | 0.69 | 5 | 41.34 | 7.42 |
| TZm-1441 | 1809.11 | 60 | 63 | 3 | 148 | 5 | 3 | 0.62 | 5 | 23.80 | 4.01 |
| TZm-1466 | 2155.31 | 69 | 73 | 4 | 180 | 5 | 4 | 0.70 | 5 | 46.38 | 3.57 |
| TZm-1473 | 2090.47 | 60 | 63 | 3 | 138 | 5 | 4 | 0.66 | 5 | 34.36 | 3.27 |
| TZm-1309 | 1560.76 | 67 | 68 | 2 | 158 | 5 | 4 | 0.69 | 6 | 14.28 | 2.57 |
| TZm-1325 | 1557.57 | 62 | 64 | 2 | 134 | 5 | 4 | 0.71 | 5 | 24.82 | 2.13 |
| TZm-1317 | 1655.82 | 65 | 67 | 2 | 171 | 5 | 4 | 0.57 | 6 | 57.92 | 1.43 |
| TZm-1273 | 921.25 | 67 | 71 | 4 | 160 | 5 | 4 | 0.44 | 7 | 61.41 | −4.03 |
| TZm-1499 | 494.64 | 72 | 73 | 1 | 192 | 5 | 4 | 0.20 | 8 | 77.52 | −4.24 |
| TZm-1299 | 771.25 | 69 | 73 | 4 | 170 | 5 | 4 | 0.34 | 7 | 62.80 | −4.80 |
| GH-5756 | 688.64 | 71 | 72 | 2 | 168 | 5 | 5 | 0.39 | 8 | 84.85 | −4.87 |
| TZm-1277 | 1262.86 | 69 | 72 | 4 | 168 | 6 | 5 | 0.36 | 7 | 62.07 | −4.97 |
| TZm-1504 | 750.33 | 64 | 69 | 4 | 157 | 6 | 4 | 0.35 | 7 | 66.81 | −7.16 |
| TZm-1319 | 666.63 | 66 | 71 | 5 | 180 | 6 | 4 | 0.35 | 8 | 79.96 | −8.04 |
| MEAN | 1443.00 | 67 | 70 | 3 | 162 | 6 | 4 | 0.53 | 6 | 54.98 | |
| Combined Drought and Heat Stress | |||||||||||
| Check 1 GH-4859 |
2581.69 1965.05 |
64 69 |
65 71 |
1 2 |
175 152 |
4 5 |
3 4 |
0.95 0.74 |
4 5 |
62.72 42.32 |
13.66 7.37 |
| TZm-1473 | 1950.12 | 60 | 63 | 3 | 150 | 5 | 4 | 0.64 | 5 | 38.77 | 6.13 |
| TZm-1325 | 1783.11 | 60 | 62 | 2 | 145 | 5 | 4 | 0.50 | 5 | 13.93 | 5.20 |
| TZm-1441 | 2164.05 | 63 | 66 | 4 | 157 | 6 | 4 | 0.66 | 5 | 8.84 | 5.19 |
| TZm-1466 | 1807.08 | 67 | 70 | 3 | 179 | 4 | 4 | 0.72 | 5 | 55.04 | 5.09 |
| TZm-1273 | 1162.94 | 67 | 68 | 1 | 201 | 5 | 3 | 0.48 | 5 | 51.29 | 3.83 |
| TZm-1551 | 1554.25 | 62 | 66 | 3 | 165 | 5 | 3 | 0.56 | 5 | 31.34 | 3.58 |
| TZm-1452 | 1534.90 | 57 | 61 | 4 | 168 | 5 | 3 | 0.50 | 5 | 28.37 | 3.50 |
| TZm-1353 | 1796.76 | 62 | 66 | 4 | 189 | 4 | 3 | 0.46 | 5 | 57.40 | 3.27 |
| TZm-1488 | 1285.44 | 65 | 68 | 3 | 173 | 4 | 3 | 0.44 | 6 | 60.60 | 1.82 |
| TZm-1316 | 740.47 | 65 | 68 | 3 | 188 | 5 | 6 | 0.23 | 7 | 80.16 | −4.55 |
| GH-3505 | 565.45 | 68 | 72 | 4 | 166 | 5 | 3 | 0.07 | 8 | 87.64 | −5.46 |
| TZm-1439 | 566.12 | 69 | 74 | 5 | 178 | 7 | 4 | 0.21 | 8 | 67.20 | −6.40 |
| TZm-1504 | 512.65 | 66 | 70 | 4 | 167 | 6 | 5 | 0.16 | 8 | 77.33 | −6.61 |
| TZm-1277 | 0.00 | 67 | 71 | 5 | 172 | 6 | 4 | 0.00 | 8 | 100 | −10.85 |
| MEAN | 1088.39 | 65 | 68 | 3 | 175 | 6 | 4 | 0.40 | 6 | 66.04 | |
GY: Grain yield; AD: Days to 50% anthesis; SD: Days to 50% silking; ASI: Anthesis-silking interval; PLHT: Plant height, PASP: EPP: Ears per plant; Plant aspect; PLHT: SG: Stay green characteristics; EASP: Ear aspect; YR: Yield reduction; BI: base index. Check 1: 2011 TZE-W DT STR Synthetic; Check 2: Aburohemaa.