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. 2019 Dec 18;9:19399. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55350-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The ORE is present in a mnemonic discrimination but not match-to-sample task, suggesting increasing proactive and mnemonic interference may contribute to the effect. (A) In the mnemonic discrimination task, accuracy for SR faces was significantly greater than for OR faces (p < 0.0001). (B) In the mnemonic discrimination task subjects performed more accurately on SR faces for all but the highest interference level ([20% p = 0.0011, 30% p < 0.0001, 40% p = 0.0001]). (C) In the match-to-sample task subjects recognize OR faces as well as SR faces. (D) In the match-to-sample task subjects perform equally on SR and OR faces, regardless of mnemonic interference level.