. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 19.

Published in final edited form as: J Hous Built Environ. 2019 Jun 12;34(3):807–827. doi: 10.1007/s10901-019-09684-w

Table 2.

Panel modeling results

Dependent: vacancy rate change	Model 1 Base model	Model 2 Population and area change model	Model 3 Typology model
Population change		− 0.0162^*
Area change		− 0.0015
Inflating (omitted)			–
Compressing			0.0880
Deflating			1.0995^**
Diluting			0.9633^**
Non-white population change	− 0.0176	− 0.0256^†	− 0.0216
Unemployment change	0.3621^**	0.3569^**	0.3482^**
Region West (omitted)	–	–	–
South	0.2864	0.1747	0.2043
Midwest	0.5895^*	0.2686	0.2567
Northeast	0.5055^†	0.0981	0.0326
Density change	− 0.0007^**	− 0.0007^**	− 0.0006^**
Year
1980–1990	1.6663^**	1.4680^**	1.6268^**
1980–1990	2.1325^**	1.9041^**	2.1251^**
1990–2000	0.6637^*	0.4117	0.7020^*
2000–2010	3.4658^**	3.0977^**	3.4773^**
Constant	− 1.5174^**	− 0.8596^**	− 1.6146^**
Adjusted R²	0.4180	0.4336	0.4359
Number of observation (N)	650 (130 cities)	650 (130 cities)	650 (130 cities)

^**

p < 0.01,

p < 0.05,

^†

p < 0.10