Table 5.

Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of factors affecting the 3-year overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer

Factors	Single factor		Multiple factors
	HR (95CI%)	P value	HR (95CI%)	P value
Gender	1.195 (0.348-4.176)	0.773
Age (yr)	1.549 (0.519-4.628)	0.438
Tumor size (cm)	1.406 (1.092-1.812)	0.043a	1.138 (0.857-1.514)	0.372
T staging	6.459 (1.408-29.575)	0.017a	12.852 (2.297-71.238)	0.005b
N staging	0.564 (0.201-1.580)	0.276
M staging	0.292 (0.124-0.689)	0.005b	0.357 (0.158-0.735)	0.013a
Differentiation	0.553 (0.157-2.042)	0.372
Nerve involvement	1.008 (0.991-1.022)	0.368
Vascular invasion	6.108 (1.385-24.954)	0.018a	2.601 (1.032-6.538)	0.041a
Smoking history	2.270 (0.901-1.792)	0.175
History of alcoholism	2.748 (0.705-10.701)	0.143
HULC	8.356 (2.128-3.846)	0.002b	5.817 (2.157-15.756)	0.003b

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 for between-group comparisons. HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.