Figure 3.

Example of observed binding pockets of anti-hapten VHH complexes. The hapten interactions are found in the former VH/VL interface at the convergence of CDR3, CDR2, CDR1 or, alternatively, under CDR1. Grey sticks represent haptens from six hapten/VHH structures superimposed onto anti-methotrexate VHH complex. CDR1-green; CDR2-orange, CDR3-red; grey spheres-copper ions from reactive red dye RR6. PDB IDs (1I3U, 1QD0, 3QXT, 5VL2, 5VM0, and 5VM6). Image generated using PyMol.¹⁶(A color version of this figure is available in the online journal.)