Activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway and inhibition of EGFR-mediated PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways by GE11-Ori-Se NPs. (A) Effects of GE11-Ori-Se NPs, and the same dosage of oridonin or Chi-Se NPs on the production of ROS in KYSE-150 cells, n = 3. (B) Western blot analysis for the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in KYSE-150 cells after GE11-Ori-Se NPs treatment. β-Actin was used as loading control. (C) Effects of GE11-Ori-Se NPs on the caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity in KYSE-150 cells, n = 3,**p < .01, ***p < .001. (D) Western bolt analysis for the expression of EGFR, p-EGFR, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT after GE11-Ori-Se NPs treatment. (E) Western bolt analysis for the expression of Ras, Raf, MEK, p-MEK, ERK, and p-ERK after GE11-Ori-Se NPs treatment. β-Actin was used as loading control. (F) The main signaling pathway of GE11-Ori-Se NPs-induced apoptosis.