. 2019 Nov 13;11(11):609. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110609

Table 4.

Ex vivo skin permeation parameters of different atorvastatin (ATR) formulations.

Time	ATR Sol	ATR Gel	ATR Emulgel	ATR Nanoemulgel
SSTF (µg/cm²·h)	34.39 ± 1.18	51.89 ± 1.71 ^a	76.11 ± 3.47 ^a,b	95.39 ± 1.55 ^a,b,c
Lag time (min)	24.59 ± 5.48	21.08 ± 4.53	6.94 ± 1.77 ^a,b	3.31 ± 1.33 ^a,b
ER (folds)	1.00	1.55 ^a	2.45 ^a,b	2.92 ^a,b,c

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. ^a,b,c p < 0.05 compared to ATR sol, ATR gel, and ATR emulgel, respectively. Sol, solution; SSTF, steady state transdermal flux; ER, enhancement ratio.