Figure 2.
Active immunization with Aβ3–10-KLH vaccine greatly improves the cognitive function of 3×Tg-AD mice as shown by water maze tests.
(A) In the place navigation test, the time required for a mouse to find the hidden platform in the Aβ3–10-KLH group was significantly shortened compared with the PBS group (**P < 0.01). (B) Spatial exploration test. (a) Time required for a mouse to first arrive at the original platform location; (b) time spent in the quadrant where the platform was located; (c) number of crossings of the original platform location. Compared with the PBS group, the time required for a mouse to first arrive at the original platform location was significantly shortened, time spent in the quadrant where the platform was located was prolonged, and number of crossings of the original platform location was increased (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). (C) Swimming trajectory of mice in each group in behavioral tests. (a–c) Place navigation test, (d–f) spatial exploration test. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of n = 6 mice in each group, and analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test. The experiment was performed in triplicate. 3×Tg-AD: Amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1/tau transgenic mouse models; Aβ: amyloid-beta; KLH: keyhole limpet hemocyanin; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; WT: wild-type.