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. 2019 Dec 2;4(25):21178–21186. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02613

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Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.

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(a) Normalized absorption spectra of PDIH, PDIC, and PDIN in solution and film status. (b) J–V characteristics of PSCs or ETL-free PSCs with PDIH, PDIC, and PDIN, respectively. (c) External quantum efficiency spectra of ZnO, PDIH, PDIC, and PDIN based inverted PSCs. (d) J^0.5–V characteristics of the electron-only devices ITO/ETLs/P3HT:PC₇₁BM/Al with ZnO and PDIN as ETLs, while ITO/P3HT:PC₇₁BM:ETLs/Al with PDIH and PDIC as ETLs.