Table 1. Effects of sports activity (‘treatment’) on women belonging to different age groups.
| Outcome variable | Age 41–64 non-active women (n = 1,885) | Age 41–64 active women (n = 708) | Age 25–40 non-active women (n = 727) | Age 25–40 active women (n = 593) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| treatment group (n = 355) | difference | treatment group (n = 401) | Difference | treatment group (n = 155) | difference | treatment group (n = 148) | difference | |
| Sport participation | ||||||||
| Sport 2015 | 0.452 | 0.302*** | 0.734 | 0.331*** | 0.502 | 0.242*** | 0.708 | 0.284*** |
| >1 category of sport activity 2015 | 0.061 | 0.044*** | 0.248 | 0.150*** | 0.171 | 0.113*** | 0.382 | 0.239*** |
| Health and physical conditions | ||||||||
| BMI 2015 | 27.466 | 0.050 | 26.734 | -0.226 | 25.129 | 0.400 | 24.212 | 0.260 |
| Dissatisfaction with health 2015 | 3.176 | -0.169** | 3.061 | -0.025 | 2.455 | -0.325*** | 2.465 | -0.142 |
| Physical problems 2015 | 0.802 | 0.004 | 0.757 | 0.005 | 0.395 | -0.115** | 0.469 | -0.038 |
| Health problems 2015 | 0.681 | -0.026 | 0.680 | -0.022 | 0.431 | -0.036 | 0.410 | -0.085 |
| Seriously ill 2014 | 0.141 | -0.016 | 0.091 | -0.045* | 0.065 | -0.010 | 0.071 | 0.000 |
| Tiredness not-related to work 2015 | 0.450 | -0.080*** | 0.488 | 0.009 | 0.279 | -0.117*** | 0.379 | 0.030 |
| Too much alcohol 2014 | 0.016 | -0.003 | 0.022 | -0.010 | 0.063 | 0.042*** | 0.033 | 0.011 |
| Life attitiudes | ||||||||
| No decrease in energy to work 2015 | 0.642 | 0.135*** | 0.703 | 0.091** | 0.835 | 0.067* | 0.796 | 0.057 |
| Entire life delightful or pleasing 2015 | 0.399 | 0.043 | 0.481 | 0.015 | 0.607 | 0.152*** | 0.533 | 0.084 |
| Lust for life 2015 | 8.775 | 0.289*** | 8.815 | 0.163 | 8.770 | 0.061 | 8.822 | 0.073 |
| Achieving goals > fun 2015 | 0.660 | 0.010 | 0.662 | -0.026 | 0.656 | 0.022 | 0.642 | -0.006 |
| Success depended on her/himself 2015 | 0.705 | 0.036 | 0.719 | -0.016 | 0.762 | 0.030 | 0.748 | -0.035 |
| Fun is the most important thing 2015 | 0.581 | 0.017 | 0.554 | 0.006 | 0.617 | -0.022 | 0.548 | 0.024 |
| Social activities | ||||||||
| Member of sports club 2015 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.006 | 0.006** | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.008 | -0.003 |
| Number of friends 2015 | 6.901 | 1.201*** | 7.209 | 0.799 | 5.036 | 0.011 | 6.548 | 0.456 |
| Number of acquaint. met regularly 2015 | 5.906 | 0.568 | 7.190 | 0.982 | 5.592 | -0.510 | 8.160 | 1.638** |
| Number of friends met regularly 2015 | 4.987 | 0.875*** | 6.095 | 1.141** | 4.520 | -0.199 | 5.985 | 0.797* |
| Most people can be trusted 2015 | 0.177 | 0.020 | 0.143 | 0.025 | 0.183 | 0.038 | 0.148 | 0.025 |
| Work for local society 2013–2014 | 0.193 | 0.081*** | 0.264 | 0.041 | 0.165 | 0.021 | 0.236 | -0.053 |
| Member of organisations 2015 | 0.233 | 0.078*** | 0.257 | 0.030 | 0.125 | -0.012 | 0.184 | 0.024 |
| Took part in public meeting 2015 | 0.223 | 0.062** | 0.288 | 0.020 | 0.283 | 0.024 | 0.267 | -0.031 |
| Voluntary activities 2015 | 0.118 | 0.062*** | 0.128 | 0.035 | 0.042 | -0.007 | 0.091 | 0.032 |
| Voted in elections 2014 | 0.744 | 0.001 | 0.853 | 0.023 | 0.721 | -0.007 | 0.744 | 0.051 |
The table presents the results of matching estimation for women stratified by age and past SA. For each stratum and each outcome variable, two values are reported: value of the outcome variable for the treated group (i.e. active in 2013; left column) and estimated difference between the treated group and the non-treated group (i.e. inactive in 2013; right column). For the latter, significance is denoted using asterisks
*** p < 0.010
** p < 0.050
* p < 0.100. For the sample sizes, only observations on common support are reported (4.8–21% observations were off common support–with the highest for the active under-40).