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. 2019 Dec 19;9:19431. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55942-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Representative spectra of a control subject. The AcCtn peak, i.e. the resonance of the acetyl group of the molecule that is visible as a singlet at 2.1 ppm, documents clearly elevated tissue content 2 hours after aerobic exercise, and decreases over the following 24 hours. Spectral quality and its reproducibility is excellent, as readily documented by equal EMCL contributions (identical region of interest) and identical peak splitting for the Cr₂ peak (identical muscle fiber orientation in the magnet) at all three time points. AcCtn = acetylcarnitine; IMCL = intramyocellular lipids; EMCL = extramyocellular lipids; TMA = trimethyl ammonium compounds; Cr₂, Cr₃ = Creatine.