Table 8.

Acacia sens. lat. species regarded as the main introductions in China today (column 1), showing country of origin and date of introduction (column 2) and primary uses in China (column 3). Note. Information and references to information concerning the overall utilisation of species listed here is given under the individual species treatments below.

Name	Country of origin; introduction to China	Main uses in China
Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn. ex Benth.	Native of Australia & southern SE Asia. Introduced to China in 1961 [Pan and Yang (1987)].	Solid wood products & pulpwood (but volumes of timber & pulpwood available only from older remnant plantings, and are very limited in extent, Roger Arnold, pers. comm.), environmental (soil & water conservation plantings), amenity plantings and (at the local level) fuelwood, farm tools, biofertiliser, honey plant. [Wang and Fang, 1991, Turnbull et al., 1998, Wang et al., 2017.]
Acacia cincinnata F.Muell.	Native of Australia. Introduced to China in latter decades of 20th century.	Prospective for solid wood products & pulpwood [Wang et al., 2017, Wang et al., 1994]. In recent years considered desirable for veneer production but usage constrained by seed hard to acquire (Roger Arnold, pers. comm.).
Acacia confusa Merr.	Native of Philippines & presumably Taiwan. Not known when introduced to mainland China.	Amenity plantings, fuelwood, environmental (soil conservation plantings), solid wood products (farm tools, furniture & house construction), medicinal (treatment for skin ulcers). [Wang and Fang, 1991, Zheng and Yang, 1993, Ye et al., 2013.] Wood volume for solid wood products is very limited and mostly coming from isolated or small groups of trees (Roger Arnold, pers. comm.). In the past was used for charcoal production.
Acacia crassicarpa A.Cunn. ex Benth.	Native of Australia & New Guinea. Introduced to China in 1979 [Wang et al. (1994)].	Considered suitable for solid wood products (e.g. building construction, flooring, etc.), pulpwood and for environmental purposes (e.g. coastal dune greening, forest windbreaks). [Wang et al., 2017, Wang et al., 1994.] However, limited areas remain under cultivation in China today (Roger Arnold, pers. comm.).
Acacia dealbata Link	Native of Australia. Introduced to China in the 1950s [Wang and Fang (1991)].	Environmental (erosion control & water conservation plantings, ornamental, fuelwood, honey plant. [Wang and Fang, 1991, Wang et al., 2017, Wang et al., 1994, Wu and Nielsen, 2010.]
Acacia decurrens Willd.	Native of Australia. Introduced to China in 1950s [Wang and Fang (1991)].	Environmental (soil & water conservation plantings, vegetation restoration, forest protection). [Wang et al. (2017).].
Acacia holosericea A.Cunn. ex G.Don	Native of Australia. Introduced to China in 1979 [Wang and Fang (1991)].	Environmental (soil & water conservation plantings), fuelwood. [Turnbull et al., 1998, Wang and Fang, 1991, Wang et al., 1994.]
Acacia implexa Benth.	Native of Australia. Uncertain when introduced to China (perhaps late 20th century).	Environmental (soil & water conservation plantings, landscaping). [Wang et al. (2017).]
Acacia mangium Willd.	Native of Australia, New Guinea & Moluccas. Introduced to China in 1979 [Wang and Fang (1991)].	Solid wood products, pulpwood. [Wang et al., 2017, Wang et al., 1994.]. Significant areas of commercial plantations established in China around beginning of 21st century but now plantations in decline and wood volumes very limited (Roger Arnold, pers. comm.)
Acacia mearnsii De Wild.	Native of Australia. Introduced to China in the early 1930s [Turnbull et al. (1998)].	Environmental (especially soil & water conservation plantings). Tannin production important in the past; the species also produced solid wood products (e.g. furniture manufacture, mine props), fuelwood, honey plant. [Wang et al., 2017, Wang et al., 1994, Ho and Fang, 1997, Midgley and Turnbull, 2003, Wu and Nielsen, 2010.] Today there are almost no commercial plantations remaining in China (Roger Arnold, pers. comm.)
Acacia melanoxylon R.Br.	Native of Australia. Unknown when first introduced to China but was trialled in 1987 [Zhang et al. (2004)].	Solid wood products (especially furniture). [Wang et al., 2017, Wang et al., 1994.]) Today there is almost no plantation resource of this species in China. However, as this species produces a valuable timber, it would be a good candidate for more extensive genetic and silvicultural research in China (Roger Arnold, pers. comm.).
Acacia podalyriifolia A.Cunn. ex G.Don	Native of Australia. Not known when introduced to China.	Ornamental plantings. (Huoran Wang, pers. comm.)
Acaciella glauca (L.) L.Rico	Native of Caribbean & Venezuela. Not known when first introduced to China but was included (as Acacia glauca) in Huang (1985).	Ornamental plantings, host plant of lac insect, fuelwood. [Huang, 1985, Wu, 1988, Wu and Nielsen, 2010.]
Senegalia catechu (L.f.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb.	Native of the Indian subcontinent and Myanmar. Not know when first introduced to China.	Medicinal (for a range of ailments), tanning leather, dye manufacture, solid wood products (building construction and other purposes). [Huang, 1985, Wu, 1988.]
Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn.	Native of the Americas; globally widespread. Introduced to Taiwan in 17th century; unknown when first introduced to mainland China but recorded for Hong Kong by Bentham (1861).	Hedge plant, medicinal, dye & perfume manufacture. [Huang, 1985, Wu, 1988, Ye et al., 2013.]