Table II.
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to predict NMIBC recurrence.
| Univariate Cox analysis | Multivariate Cox analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value |
| Age | ||||
| ≤70 (Ref.) vs. >70 | 2.994 (1.579–5.680) | 0.001a | 1.727 (0.820–3.637) | 0.151 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male (Ref.) vs. female | 1.314 (0.577–2.993) | 0.516 | ||
| Tumor size | ||||
| ≤1 cm | Ref. | 0.028a | Ref. | 0.574 |
| 2–3 cm | 1.700 (0.474–6.100) | 0.416 | 1.251 (0.341–4.593) | 0.736 |
| >3 cm | 3.686 (1.093–12.425) | 0.035a | 1.779 (0.484–6.547) | 0.386 |
| Multiplicity | ||||
| Single | Ref. | 0.141 | ||
| 2–7 | 1.071 (0.479–2.395) | 0.867 | ||
| >7 | 2.383 (0.985–5.767) | 0.054 | ||
| 2004 WHO Grade Low (Ref.) vs. high | 2.450 (1.275–4.708) | 0.007a | 1.823 (0.809–3.568) | 0.147 |
| Stage | ||||
| Ta (Ref.) vs. T1 | 2.938 (1.144–7.540) | 0.025a | 2.347 (0.803–6.857) | 0.119 |
| BCG | ||||
| No (Ref.) vs. yes | 1.918 (1.009–3.647) | 0.047a | 1.744 (0.852–3.568) | 0.128 |
| ARHGAP9 expression High expression (Ref.) vs. Low expression | 1.939 (1.009–3.726) | 0.047a | 2.436 (1.132–5.243) | 0.023a |
a
P<0.05. NMIBC, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; BCG, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; Ref., reference; ARHGAP9, Rho GTPase-activating protein 9.