Table II.
Adverse events associated with the procedures.
| Adverse eventsa | CA (n=45), n (%) | MWA (n=56), n (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pneumothorax | 17 (37.8) | 23 (41.1) | 0.74 |
| Grade 1, asymptomatic | 12 (26.7) | 16 (28.6) | |
| Grade 2, symptomatic requiring chest tube | 5 (11.1) | 7 (12.5) | |
| Intra-pulmonary hemorrhage | 11 (24.4) | 19 (33.9) | 0.30 |
| Grade 1, mild symptoms; intervention not indicated | 11 (24.4) | 16 (28.6) | |
| Grade 2, moderate symptoms; medical intervention indicated | 0 (0.0) | 3 (5.4) | |
| Pleural effusion | 8 (17.8) | 14 (25.0) | 0.38 |
| Grade 1, asymptomatic; clinical or diagnostic observations only | 8 (17.8) | 14 (25.0) | |
| Hemoptysis | 7 (15.6) | 10 (17.9) | |
| Grade 1, mild, <100 ml, intervention not required | 7 (15.6) | 10 (17.9) | 0.80 |
| Infection | 5 (11.1) | 7 (12.5) | 0.83 |
| Post-ablation syndrome | 1 (2.2) | 2 (3.6) | 0.69 |
| Burn | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.6) | 0.20 |
| Complication requiring admission (mean length of stay, 1–2 days) | 7 (15.6) | 12 (21.4) | 0.54 |
a
The grade of adverse events was evaluated according to the common terminology criteria for adverse events version 4.0 (22). CA, cryoablation; MWA, micro-wave ablation.