Table III.
Association between the occurrence of pneumothorax and intra-pulmonary hemorrhage with CA (n=45) procedure and clinical characteristics.
| Pneumothorax | Intra-pulmonary hemorrhage | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Yes (n=17, 37.8%) | No (n=28, 62.2%) | P-value | Yes (n=11, 24.4%) | No (n=34, 75.6%) | P-value |
| Sex | 0.76 | 0.65 | ||||
| Male | 9 (20.0) | 17 (37.8) | 7 (15.5) | 19 (42.2) | ||
| Female | 8 (17.8) | 11 (24.4) | 4 (8.9) | 15 (33.4) | ||
| Age, years | 0.45 | 0.78 | ||||
| <60 | 9 (20.0) | 18 (40.0) | 6 (13.3) | 21 (46.7) | ||
| 60 | 8 (17.8) | 10 (22.2) | 5 (11.1) | 13 (28.9) | ||
| Stagea | 0.98 | 0.32 | ||||
| IIIB | 10 (22.2) | 17 (37.8) | 7 (15.6) | 20 (44.4) | ||
| IV | 7 (15.6) | 11 (24.4) | 4 (8.9) | 14 (31.1) | ||
| Nodule size, cm | 0.03 | 0.80 | ||||
| >3 | 6 (13.3) | 20 (44.4) | 6 (13.3) | 20 (44.4) | ||
| ≤3 | 11 (24.5) | 8 (17.8) | 5 (11.1) | 14 (31.1) | ||
| Nodule location (side) | 0.79 | 0.31 | ||||
| Right lung | 11 (24.5) | 18 (40.0) | 8 (17.8) | 21 (46.7) | ||
| Left lung | 6 (13.3) | 10 (22.2) | 3 (6.7) | 13 (28.9) | ||
| Nodule location (lobe) | 0.13 | 0.91 | ||||
| Upper and middle | 13 (28.9) | 15 (33.3) | 7 (15.6) | 21 (46.7) | ||
| Lower | 4 (8.9) | 13 (28.9) | 4 (8.9) | 13 (28.9) | ||
| Tumor distance to pleura, cm | 0.71 | 0.41 | ||||
| >1 | 10 (22.2) | 18 (40.0) | 8 (17.8) | 20 (44.4) | ||
| ≤1 | 7 (15.6) | 10 (22.2) | 3 (6.7) | 14 (31.1) | ||
| Tumor distance from vessel, mm | 0.85 | 0.05 | ||||
| >3 | 12 (26.7) | 19 (42.2) | 5 (11.1) | 26 (57.8) | ||
| ≤3 | 5 (11.1) | 9 (20.0) | 6 (13.3) | 8 (17.8) | ||
| Nodule location (region) | 0.03 | 0.02 | ||||
| Central (close to hilum) | 8 (17.8) | 4 (8.9) | 6 (13.3) | 6 (13.3) | ||
| Peripheral | 9 (20.0) | 24 (53.3) | 5 (11.1) | 28 (62.2) | ||
| Number of cryoprobes | 0.03 | 0.80 | ||||
| 1 | 6 (13.3) | 20 (44.4) | 6 (13.3) | 20 (44.4) | ||
| >1 | 11 (24.5) | 8 (17.8) | 5 (11.1) | 14 (31.1) | ||
a
Staging according to The Eighth Edition Lung Cancer Stage Classification (23). CA, cryoablation.