Table IV.
Association between occurrence of pneumothorax and intra-pulmonary hemorrhage with MWA (n=56) procedure and clinical characteristics.
| Pneumothorax | Intra-pulmonary hemorrhage | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Yes (n=23, 41.1%) | No (n=33, 58.9%) | P-value | Yes (n=19, 33.9%) | No (n=37, 66.1%) | P-value |
| Sex | 0.27 | 0.79 | ||||
| Male | 12 (21.4) | 22 (39.4) | 12 (21.4) | 22 (39.4) | ||
| Female | 11 (19.6) | 11 (19.6) | 7 (12.5) | 15 (26.7) | ||
| Age, years | 0.16 | 0.645 | ||||
| <60 | 11 (19.6) | 22 (39.4) | 12 (21.4) | 21 (37.5) | ||
| 60 | 12 (21.4) | 11 (19.6) | 7 (12.5) | 16 (28.6) | ||
| Stagea | 0.24 | 0.62 | ||||
| IIIB | 11 (19.6) | 21 (37.5) | 10 (17.8) | 22 (39.4) | ||
| IV | 12 (21.4) | 12 (21.4) | 9 (16.1) | 15 (26.7) | ||
| Nodule size, cm | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||||
| >3 | 9 (16.1) | 23 (41.1) | 7 (12.5) | 25 (44.6) | ||
| ≤3 | 14 (25.0) | 10 (17.8) | 12 (21.4) | 12 (21.4) | ||
| Nodule location (side) | 0.18 | 0.09 | ||||
| Right lung | 12 (21.4) | 23 (41.1) | 9 (16.1) | 26 (46.4) | ||
| Left lung | 11 (19.6) | 10 (17.9) | 10 (17.8) | 11 (19.6) | ||
| Nodule location (lobe) | 0.07 | 0.13 | ||||
| Upper and middle | 12 (21.4) | 25 (44.7) | 10 (17.8) | 27 (48.2) | ||
| Lower | 11 (19.6) | 8 (14.3) | 9 (16.1) | 10 (17.8) | ||
| Tumor distance from pleura, cm | 0.11 | 0.47 | ||||
| >1 | 12 (21.4) | 24 (42.9) | 11 (19.6) | 25 (44.7) | ||
| ≤1 | 11 (19.6) | 9 (16.1) | 8 (14.3) | 12 (21.4) | ||
| Tumor distance from vessel, mm | 0.14 | 0.13 | ||||
| >3 | 14 (25.0) | 26 (46.4) | 11 (19.6) | 29 (51.8) | ||
| ≤3 | 9 (16.1) | 7 (12.5) | 8 (14.3) | 8 (14.3) | ||
| Nodule location (region) | 0.02 | 0.03 | ||||
| Central (close to hilum) | 12 (21.4) | 7 (12.5) | 10 (17.8) | 9 (16.1) | ||
| Peripheral | 11 (19.6) | 26 (46.4) | 9 (16.1) | 28 (50.0) | ||
| Number of antennas | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||||
| 1 | 9 (16.1) | 23 (41.1) | 7 (12.5) | 25 (44.7) | ||
| >1 | 14 (25.0) | 10 (17.8) | 12 (21.4) | 12 (21.4) | ||
a
Staging according to The Eighth Edition Lung Cancer Stage Classification (23).