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. 2019 Dec 17;7:e8298. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8298

Table 4 . Multivariate analysis overall survival and breast cancer-specific survival.

Variable Overall survival Breast cancer-specific survival
Hazard ratio [95% CI] P value Hazard ratio [95% CI] P value
Age at diagnosis, years
18–40 Reference Reference
41–60 1.236 [1.012–1.509] 0.038 1.277 [1.034–1.577] 0.023
61–80 1.491 [1.217–1.825] <0.001 1.479 [1.193–1.832] <0.001
>80 2.189 [1.720–2.784] <0.001 2.107 [1.628–2.727] <0.001
Sex
Male Reference Reference
Female 1.177 [0.808–1.715] 0.397 1.306 [0.855–1.996] 0.217
Race
White Reference Reference
Black 1.246 [1.112–1.397] <0.001 1.221 [1.081–1.379] 0.001
Other 0.982 [0.836–1.154] 0.829 0.943 [0.792–1.123] 0.509
Marital status
Single Reference Reference
Married/domestic partner 0.805 [0.717–0.905] <0.001 0.794 [0.702–0.898] <0.001
Divorced/separated/widowed 1.048 [0.928–1.185] 0.449 1.020 [0.895–1.162] 0.764
Tumor site(s)
Only one site (left or right) Reference Reference
Two or more sites 1.584 [0.976–2.572] 0.063 1.733 [1.051–2.857] 0.031
Tumor grade
I Reference Reference
II 1.301 [1.044–1.620] 0.019 1.374 [1.075–1.756] 0.011
III 1.865 [1.492–2.330] <0.001 2.070 [1.615–2.652] <0.001
IV 1.635 [1.037–2.580] 0.034 1.796 [1.099–2.934] 0.019
Histology
Ductal Reference Reference
Lobular 0.913 [0.714–1.169] 0.471 0.922 [0.708–1.202] 0.55
Mixed ductal and lobular 1.056 [0.860–1.298] 0.603 1.058 [0.847–1.322] 0.617
Mucinous 0.765 [0.439–1.332] 0.343 0.763 [0.418–1.394] 0.379
Carcinoma 1.412 [1.218–1.636] <0.001 1.364 [1.165–1.598] <0.001
Tumor subtype
HR+/HER2− Reference Reference
HR+/HER2+ 0.906 [0.786–1.045] 0.175 0.914 [0.786–1.063] 0.244
HR−/HER2+ 1.272 [1.073–1.508] 0.005 1.232 [1.027–1.478] 0.025
Triple-negative 2.766 [2.436–3.140] <0.001 2.872 [2.510–3.285] <0.001
Extrapulmonary metastatic sites to bone, brain, and liver, No.
0 Reference Reference
1 1.477 [1.323–1.649] <0.001 1.512 [1.344–1.702] <0.001
2 2.429 [2.137–2.760] <0.001 2.489 [2.171–2.853] <0.001
All 3 3.833 [3.022–4.862] <0.001 3.950 [3.072–5.080] <0.001
Cancer-directed surgery
Performed Reference Reference
Not performed 1.541 [1.389–1.710] <0.001 1.519 [1.360–1.697] <0.001
Radiation
Yes Reference Reference
No 1.047 [0.949–1.154] 0.362 1.047 [0.943–1.162] 0.393
Chemotherapy
Yes Reference Reference
No/unknown 1.457 [1.313–1.618] <0.001 1.420 [1.270–1.588] <0.001