Table 3.
Age-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted risk of breast cancer-specific mortality associated with Asian/PI by breast quadrants
| Total cases | Deaths from breast cancer |
Person-years | Age-adjusted HR (95%CI) |
Multivariable-adjusted HR (95%CI)a |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White | 331,418 | 34,175 | 36,050,634 | Reference | Reference |
| Chinese | 6,605 | 577 | 717,597 | 0.84 (0.77–0.91)** | 0.81 (0.75–0.88)** |
| Japanese | 5,751 | 438 | 735,515 | 0.63 (0.57–0.69)** | 0.68 (0.62–0.74)** |
| Filipino | 9,080 | 885 | 931,541 | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) | 0.88 (0.82–0.94)** |
| Korean | 2,192 | 203 | 221,352 | 0.96 (0.84–1.10) | 0.90 (0.79–1.04) |
| Vietnamese | 1,984 | 189 | 191,974 | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) | 0.91 (0.79–1.05) |
| South Asian | 2,693 | 207 | 227,486 | 0.93 (0.81–1.07) | 0.85 (0.74–0.97)* |
| Other Asian | 4,418 | 252 | 395,461 | 0.66 (0.58–0.75)** | 0.67 (0.59–0.76)** |
| PI | 2,898 | 324 | 292,909 | 1.17 (1.05–1.30)** | 1.05 (0.94–1.17) |
| Pheterogrnrity b<0.0001 | |||||
| Breast quadrants | |||||
| Nipple/central portion of breast | |||||
| White | 28,541 | 3,810 | 3,154,746 | Reference | Reference |
| Chinese | 595 | 67 | 65,684 | 0.84 (0.66–1.07) | 0.79 (0.62–1.01) |
| Japanese | 567 | 59 | 75,119 | 0.66 (0.51–0.86)** | 0.65 (0.50–0.84)** |
| Filipino | 1,094 | 144 | 115,796 | 1.04 (0.88–1.23) | 0.84 (0.71–0.99)* |
| Korean | 181 | 24 | 21,051 | 0.95 (0.63–1.42) | 0.87 (0.58–1.29) |
| Vietnamese | 183 | 26 | 18,298 | 1.21 (0.82–1.78) | 1.09 (0.74–1.61) |
| South Asian | 235 | 32 | 20,666 | 1.26 (0.89–1.79) | 1.17 (0.83–1.66) |
| Other Asian | 411 | 30 | 38,452 | 0.63 (0.44–0.91)* | 0.63 (0.44–0.91)* |
| PI | 317 | 41 | 31,970 | 1.06 (0.78–1.45) | 0.98 (0.72–1.34) |
| Inner quadrantsc | |||||
| White | 82,692 | 7,924 | 8,716,257 | Reference | Reference |
| Chinese | 1,852 | 134 | 192,775 | 0.75 (0.63–0.89)** | 0.76 (0.64–0.91)** |
| Japanese | 1,612 | 108 | 197,340 | 0.60 (0.50–0.73)** | 0.66 (0.55–0.80)** |
| Filipino | 2,523 | 242 | 250,473 | 1.07 (0.94–1.22) | 0.89 (0.78–1.01) |
| Korean | 600 | 38 | 58,394 | 0.70 (0.51–0.96)* | 0.67 (0.49–0.93)* |
| Vietnamese | 560 | 41 | 50,448 | 0.85 (0.63–1.16) | 0.77 (0.56–1.04) |
| South Asian | 730 | 52 | 60,014 | 0.94 (0.71–1.23) | 0.85 (0.65–1.12) |
| Other Asian | 1,297 | 70 | 114,142 | 0.66 (0.52–0.83)** | 0.66 (0.52–0.84)** |
| PI | 773 | 78 | 76,248 | 1.12 (0.90–1.40) | 1.05 (0.84–1.31) |
| Outer quadrantsd | |||||
| White | 220,185 | 22,441 | 24,179,631 | Reference | Reference |
| Chinese | 4,158 | 376 | 459,138 | 0.88 (0.79–0.97)** | 0.84 (0.75–0.93)** |
| Japanese | 3,572 | 271 | 463,056 | 0.63 (0.56–0.71)** | 0.69 (0.61–0.78)** |
| Filipino | 5,463 | 499 | 565,272 | 0.96 (0.87–1.04) | 0.88 (0.80–0.96)** |
| Korean | 1,411 | 141 | 141,907 | 1.07 (0.91–1.27) | 1.00 (0.85–1.18) |
| Vietnamese | 1,241 | 122 | 123,228 | 1.05 (0.88–1.26) | 0.94 (0.79–1.12) |
| South Asian | 1,728 | 123 | 146,806 | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) | 0.79 (0.66–0.94)** |
| Other Asian | 2,710 | 152 | 242,867 | 0.66 (0.57–0.78)** | 0.68 (0.58–0.79)** |
| PI | 1,808 | 205 | 184,691 | 1.21 (1.05–1.38)** | 1.07 (0.93–1.22) |
| Pinteractione =0.46 | Pinteractione =0.73 | ||||
CI Confidence interval, HR Hazard ratio, PI Pacific Islander
Statistical significance difference at P value ≤0.05
Statistical significance difference at P value ≤0.01
Hazard ratios were adjusted for age (20–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, or 70–79 years) and year of the diagnosis (1990–1994, 1995–1999, 2000–2004, or 2005–2009, 2010–2014), histopathological features including tumor size (≤2 cm, 2–5 cm, >5 cm, or unknown), grade (well differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated and undifferentiated, or unknown), and histological type (IDC,ILC or other histology), laterality of the tumor (right, or left), lymph node status (negative, positive, or unknown), estrogen receptor (ER) status (negative, positive, or unknown), progesterone receptor (PR) status (negative, positive, or unknown), and treatments including surgery (no surgical treatment, breast-conserving surgery(BCS) alone, mastectomy, or unknown), radiation (no/unknown, yes), and chemotherapy (no/unknown, yes)
Heterogeneity for the breast-cancer specific mortality across the Asian/PI subgroups
Inner quadrants includes upper-inner quadrant and lower-inner quadrant
Outer quadrants includes upper-outer quadrant, lower-outer quadrant and axillary tail of breast
In age-adjusted Cox regression model, the P value in the interaction effect (quadrant*race) is statistically non-significant (Pinteraction=0.46). In adjusted Cox regression model, the P value in the interaction effect (quadrant*race) is statistically non-significant (Pinteraction =0.73)