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. 2020 Jan;26(1):70–80. doi: 10.3201/eid2601.190220

Table 2. Participation in activities putting them at high risk for tickborne zoonotic diseases among respondents in survey of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Kazakhstan*.

Activities No. respondents % Respondents (95% CI)
Herding animals
Ever 297 17.4 (8.4–32.5)
Within the previous 4 mo
190
25.8 (14.3–42.2)
Assisting with animal births
Ever 226 11.3 (6.8–18.3)
Within the previous 4 mo
140
5.9 (3.5–9.9)
Shearing animals
Ever 331 26.0 (19.7–33.4)
Within the previous 4 mo
223
17.0 (12.9–22.1)
Milking animals
Ever 316 23.2 (16.3–31.9)
Within the previous 4 mo
251
18.9 (12.8–27.0)
Slaughtering animals
Ever 292 25.4 (15.8–38.1)
Within the previous 4 mo
229
20.4 (12.0–32.4)
Butchering or handling raw meat
Ever 351 36.4 (28.4–45.2)
Within the previous 4 mo
296
30.7 (22.7–40.0)
Eating raw meat
Ever 8 0.5 (0.1–1.9)
Within the previous 4 mo
0

Handling ticks with bare hands
Ever 61 3.5 (1.1–10.3)
Within the previous 4 mo
27
2.0 (0.4–8.4)
Working in a healthcare setting
Ever 5 0.3 (0.1–0.9)
Within the previous 4 mo
3
0.2 (0–0.8)
Working in a garden†
Ever 175 14.5 (7.6–27.4)
Within the previous 4 mo
150
12.4 (6.5–22.6)
Consuming unpasteurized milk or dairy products‡
Ever 8 1.0 (0.4–2.2)
Within the previous 4 mo
0

Participated in >1 high-risk activity
Ever 683 64.4 (50.9–75.8)
Within the previous 4 mo
580
55.4 (42.8–67.3)
Use of personal protective equipment
Assisting with animal births, n = 139†
Gloves 73 55.2 (35.8–73.1)
Gown 43 55.1 (30.3–77.6)
Boots 21 30.0 (11.8–58.0)
Glasses 3 12.7 (2.0–51.5)
None 46 20.4 (11.0–34.7)
Shearing animals, n = 222†
Gloves 172 83.6 (71.7–91.2)
Gown 119 73.9 (55.9–86.4)
Boots 59 20.6 (12.2–32.6)
Glasses 4 2.9 (0.7–11.4)
None 21 5.2 (1.7–15.2)
Milking animals, n = 250†
Gloves 26 15.5 (5.5–36.8)
Gown 178 81.6 (60.6–92.7)
Boots 12 5.7 (2.2–14.1)
None 71 17.5 (6.4–39.5)
Slaughtering animals, n = 229†
Gloves 36 23.3 (10.5–44.1)
Gown 91 49.1 (33.6–64.8)
Boots 16 5.2 (2.0–12.9)
Glasses 1 1.6 (0.2–9.4)
None
129
47.4 (29.8–65.7)
*Percentages weighted by calculating the inverse probability of selection and applying a post-stratification adjustment to each stratum to account for nonresponses. 
†>1 response possible.
‡Not considered a high-risk activity.