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. 2019 Dec 20;9:19535. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55828-x

Table 2.

Diagnoses, associated ocular pathologies, treatment factors, and imaging characteristics with regard to the primary initial vitrectomy.

Primary diagnosis, no. (%) 38 (100)
  Rhegmatogenous RD (5 macula-off) 9 (24)
  Secondary epiretinal membrane 6 (16)
  Vitreous haemorrhage (4 PDR, 1 PCV) 5 (13)
  Oil-filled status after RD surgery (4 macula-off) 5 (13)
  Idiopathic epiretinal membrane 4 (11)
  Lamellar hole 3 (8)
  Submacular haemorrhage (2 PCV, 1 RAM) 3 (8)
  Vitreomacular traction syndrome 2 (5)
  Optic disc pit-associated maculopathy 1 (3)
Co-existing pathology and clinical features prior to initial vitrectomy, no. (%)
  Epiretinal membrane detected on OCT 22 (58)
  Vitreous attachment at fovea on OCT 22 (58)
  Vitreous haemorrhage 11 (29)
      PDR 4 (11)
      Breakthrough from SMH 3 (8)
      PCV 2 (5)
      Branch retinal vein occlusion 1 (3)
      RAM 1 (3)
  Retinoschisis 5 (13)
  Lamellar macular hole 4 (11)
  Past surgical history of macula-off RD 3 (8)
  Prior scleral encircling or buckling for RD 3 (8)
  Proliferative vitreoretinopathy 3 (8)
  Posterior uveitis 2 (5)
  Prior oil removal history after RD 1 (3)
  Serous neurosensory RD 1 (3)
  RAM 1 (3)
Adjuvant techniques for primary vitrectomy, no. (%)
  ILM peeling 20 (44)
  Pneumatic tamponade (SF6 or C3F8 gas) 16 (42)
  Silicone oil injection 12 (32)
  Scleral buckle/encircling 5 (13)
  Intravitreal anti-VEGF injection performed 12 (32)
      No. of injections, mean ± SD (range) 2.6 ± 2.0 (1–7)
  Intravitreal Ozurdex® injection performed 3 (8)
      No. of injections, mean ± SD (range) 1.7 ± 1.2 (1–3)

ILM = internal limiting membrane; OCT = optical coherence tomography; PDR = proliferative diabetic retinopathy; RAM = retinal arterial macroaneurysm; RD = retinal detachment; SD = standard deviation; SMH = submacular haemorrhage; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.