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. 2019 Dec 20;10:5830. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13306-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Schematic representation of the natural history of heart failure (HF) progression, from the initial timepoint of disease onset through a gradual decline with increasing episodes of worsening typically necessitating in-hospital care (decompensations) towards terminal pump failure. Cohorts for the current study were obtained from four stages: before disease onset (population-based cohort), during manifest HF, and serially in advanced HF before and after heart transplantation. Proteomic profiles in subjects with incident HF from the population-based cohort were compared to subjects without incident HF. Manifest HF patients were compared to the population-based cohort. Samples from heart transplant recipients were compared to the corresponding samples from the same patient before transplantation.