Table 3.
A summary of adjusted means and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from the mixed model results for energy and macronutrient intake presented by group across the 10-month intervention
| Early-Ex | Late-Ex | Sporadic-Ex | Controls | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | |||||
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 2817 | 2615 | 3020 | 2864 | 2683 | 3046 | 2846 | 2659 | 3033 | 2988 | 2715 | 3260 |
| 3.5 months | 2677 | 2474 | 2880 | 2848 | 2667 | 3030 | 2658 | 2470 | 2845 | 2841 | 2568 | 3114 |
| 7 months | 2801 | 2598 | 3004 | 2878 | 2697 | 3060 | 2756 | 2569 | 2943 | 2753 | 2481 | 3026 |
| 10 months | 2754 | 2551 | 2957 | 2985 | 2804 | 3167 | 2729 | 2542 | 2916 | 2851 | 2578 | 3124 |
| Energy intake (kcal/kg/day)b | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 31.8 | 29.5 | 34.1 | 32.0 | 29.9 | 34.1 | 32.1 | 30.0 | 34.2 | 34.3 | 31.1 | 37.4 |
| 3.5 months | 30.9 | 28.6 | 33.2 | 31.4 | 29.3 | 33.5 | 30.2 | 28.0 | 32.3 | 32.0 | 28.9 | 35.2 |
| 7 months | 33.7 | 31.4 | 36.0 | 33.0 | 30.9 | 35.1 | 32.8 | 30.7 | 34.9 | 31.3 | 28.2 | 34.4 |
| 10 months | 33.2 | 30.9 | 35.5 | 33.8 | 31.8 | 35.9 | 33.2 | 31.0 | 35.3 | 32.3 | 29.2 | 35.5 |
| Protein (kcal/day) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 96.9 | 90.6 | 103.2 | 101.5 | 95.9 | 107.1 | 104.9 | 99.1 | 110.7 | 109.2 | 100.4 | 118.1 |
| 3.5 months | 98.9 | 92.6 | 105.2 | 99.9 | 94.3 | 105.6 | 101.0 | 95.2 | 106.8 | 110.0 | 101.2 | 118.9 |
| 7 months | 100.5 | 94.2 | 106.8 | 101.0 | 95.4 | 106.6 | 102.4 | 96.6 | 108.2 | 106.6 | 97.8 | 115.5 |
| 10 months | 103.3 | 97.0 | 109.6 | 104.5 | 98.8 | 110.1 | 103.3 | 97.5 | 109.1 | 109.9 | 101.0 | 118.7 |
| Carbohydrate (kcal/day) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 338.8 | 320.7 | 357.0 | 340.7 | 324.5 | 356.9 | 315.4 | 298.7 | 332.1 | 305.7 | 280.0 | 331.4 |
| 3.5 months | 330.1 | 311.9 | 348.4 | 349.7 | 333.5 | 365.9 | 324.7 | 308.0 | 341.4 | 317.0 | 291.4 | 342.7 |
| 7 months | 322.6 | 304.4 | 340.7 | 340.3 | 324.1 | 356.5 | 319.5 | 302.8 | 336.2 | 316.5 | 290.9 | 342.2 |
| 10 months | 332.0 | 313.8 | 350.2 | 336.3 | 320.0 | 352.6 | 323.8 | 307.1 | 340.5 | 319.4 | 293.7 | 345.0 |
| Fat (kcal/day) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 117.2 | 110.6 | 123.8 | 114.5 | 108.6 | 120.4 | 123.6 | 117.5 | 129.8 | 119.5 | 110.2 | 128.7 |
| 3.5 months | 119.2 | 112.5 | 125.8 | 112.6 | 106.7 | 118.6 | 121.3 | 115.2 | 127.4 | 112.6 | 103.4 | 121.9 |
| 7 months | 121.1 | 114.4 | 127.7 | 114.5 | 108.6 | 120.4 | 125.1 | 119.0 | 131.2 | 115.0 | 105.7 | 124.3 |
| 10 months | 118.6 | 112.0 | 125.3 | 112.6 | 106.7 | 118.5 | 118.9 | 112.8 | 125.0 | 114.3 | 105.0 | 123.5 |
| Protein (%) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 14.1 | 13.0 | 15.1 | 14.4 | 13.5 | 15.3 | 14.7 | 13.8 | 15.7 | 15.9 | 14.4 | 17.3 |
| 3.5 months | 14.5 | 13.5 | 15.5 | 14.2 | 13.3 | 15.2 | 14.4 | 13.5 | 15.4 | 16.1 | 14.6 | 17.5 |
| 7 months | 14.7 | 13.6 | 15.7 | 14.3 | 13.4 | 15.2 | 14.5 | 13.6 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 14.1 | 17.0 |
| 10 months | 14.8 | 13.8 | 15.8 | 14.4 | 13.5 | 15.4 | 14.6 | 13.7 | 15.6 | 15.9 | 14.5 | 17.4 |
| Carbohydrate (%) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 48.3 | 45.6 | 51.1 | 48.9 | 46.5 | 51.4 | 45.3 | 42.7 | 47.9 | 43.1 | 39.2 | 47.0 |
| 3.5 months | 48.0 | 45.2 | 50.8 | 49.3 | 46.8 | 51.7 | 46.3 | 43.8 | 48.9 | 45.2 | 41.3 | 49.2 |
| 7 months | 46.2 | 43.4 | 48.9 | 49.2 | 46.8 | 51.7 | 45.9 | 43.3 | 48.4 | 44.8 | 40.9 | 48.7 |
| 10 months | 47.3 | 44.5 | 50.1 | 47.4 | 44.9 | 49.9 | 46.2 | 43.6 | 48.7 | 45.5 | 41.6 | 49.4 |
| Fat (%)a | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 37.0 | 34.7 | 39.2 | 36.3 | 34.3 | 38.3 | 39.3 | 37.2 | 41.3 | 38.6 | 35.4 | 41.8 |
| 3.5 months | 37.1 | 34.8 | 39.3 | 36.3 | 34.3 | 38.3 | 38.5 | 36.5 | 40.6 | 35.9 | 32.7 | 39.1 |
| 7 months | 38.4 | 36.2 | 40.7 | 36.0 | 34.0 | 38.1 | 39.5 | 37.4 | 41.6 | 36.7 | 33.5 | 39.9 |
| 10 months | 37.3 | 35.0 | 39.6 | 35.4 | 33.4 | 37.4 | 36.7 | 34.6 | 38.8 | 36.2 | 33.0 | 39.4 |
kcal kilocalorie, kg kilogram, EX Exerciser
aSignificant time effect p < 0.05
bSignificant time effect p < 0.01