Table 1:

Key Indicators from the CDC Science Impact Framework

Degree of Impact	Potential Measurable Indicators
Disseminating Science	• Scientific publications (open access journals) • Trade publications • Professional meetings/conferences • General communication (social media, web, print) • Presentations • Training, coursework • Other scientific output (e.g., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Grand Rounds, Vital Signs, Science Clips)
Creating Awareness	• Continuing Education (Continuing Medical Education, Continuing Education Unit) • Awards • Stakeholder resources, curriculum, training • Feedback (Survey, focus groups, anecdote) • Information sharing and communications among professional societies • Electronic communications (information shared on listservs and other electronic resources, social media, news coverage) • Queries • Requests to contribute to efforts that further the science output
Catalyzing Action	• Technology creation • New funding (pilots/research) • Advocacy groups/Nongovemmental organizations • Congressional hearings • Partnerships and collaborations • Research & Development • Office practice/point of care changes
Effecting Change	• Building public health capacity (e.g., workforce development, funded research, improved staff competency) • Creation of registries/surveillance • Legal/policy changes • Accreditation • Cultural/social change • Behavioral change • Economic change • Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services reimbursement • Other payer actions • Change instilled • (New) formal guidelines and recommendations (e.g., World Health Organization) • Hospital standards • Funding • Anecdotes/case studies • Sustainable and scalable science translation
Shaping the Future	• New hypotheses/Continuous quality improvement • Implementation of public health programs/initiatives • Health outcomes • Prevalence and incidence • Morbidity and mortality (e.g., frequency of outbreaks, trends) • Life expectancy • Quality of life improvements • Reductions in economic burden