(a) SPF C57BL/6 mice were treated with 3.0% DSS for 7 days (N=5, biologically independent animals).Mice were inoculated with LF82 WT or ΔtdcΔsda (ΔTS) double mutant (1 x 109 CFU each/mouse) every day. (b) Body weight changes. Data represent individual mice with mean ± s.e.m.. (c) Fecal bacterial CFUs. CFUs of Individual mice are shown as dots with geometric mean ± s.d.. (b, c) The statistical comparison between LF82 WT and ΔTS group has been made and considered significant only at Day 7. *; P < 0.05 by 2-Way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. (d, e) On day 7 post DSS, all mice are sacrificed and colonic weight (d) and disease activity index (DAI, e) were examined. Dots indicate individual mice with mean ± s.e.m. N.S.; not significant, *; P < 0.05, ****; P < 0.0001 by or 1-Way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. (f) The colonic tissues were harvested on indicated days following DSS treatment. Colonic mucosa-associated bacterial CFUs were assessed. CFUs from individual mice are shown as dots with geometric mean ± s.d.. *; P < 0.05 by 2-Way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test.