Table 3.
Prediction results of radiomics models from diverse VOIs on the independent validation cohorts
| Dataset | Image | Radiomics model | Feature number | AUC | 95% CI | p-Value | SEN | SPE | ACCU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPC group | CET1-w | Baseline | 15 | 0.778 | 0.720–0.830 | – | 77.4% | 75.0% | 72.7% |
| Erosion | 9 | 0.806 | 0.750–0.855 | 0.403 | 77.4% | 85.7% | 76.9% | ||
| Smoothing | 11 | 0.803 | 0.746–0.852 | 0.412 | 80.6% | 75.0% | 74.1% | ||
| Dilation | 10 | 0.810 | 0.754–0.858 | 0.268 | 80.6% | 71.4% | 72.0% | ||
| Dilation5 | 20 | 0.751 | 0.691–0.805 | 0.437 | 87.1% | 53.6% | 68.1% | ||
| Dilation7 | 14 | 0.738 | 0.678–0.793 | 0.220 | 77.4% | 67.9% | 68.3% | ||
| T2-w | Baseline | 11 | 0.748 | 0.688–0.802 | – | 74.2% | 71.4% | 70.8% | |
| Erosion | 19 | 0.710 | 0.647–0.767 | 0.359 | 71.0% | 71.4% | 68.3% | ||
| Smoothing | 15 | 0.702 | 0.639–0.759 | 0.279 | 74.2% | 60.7% | 66.1% | ||
| Dilation | 20 | 0.718 | 0.656–0.774 | 0.447 | 77.4% | 60.7% | 65.8% | ||
| Dilation5 | 14 | 0.596 | 0.530–0.659 | 0.003* | 54.8% | 53.6% | 53.4% | ||
| Dilation7 | 18 | 0.588 | 0.522–0.651 | 0.002* | 61.3% | 64.3% | 57.3% | ||
| SLN group | DWI | Baseline | 15 | 0.734 | 0.666–0.794 | – | 77.8% | 67.7% | 69.0% |
| Erosion | 10 | 0.536 | 0.500–0.607 | < 0.001* | 55.6% | 58.1% | 54.7% | ||
| Smoothing | 20 | 0.711 | 0.642–0.773 | 0.617 | 72.2% | 67.7% | 63.9% | ||
| Dilation | 20 | 0.737 | 0.670–0.798 | 0.934 | 77.8% | 64.5% | 66.7% | ||
| Dilation5 | 20 | 0.744 | 0.677–0.803 | 0.934 | 66.7% | 80.6% | 68.2% | ||
| Dilation7 | 8 | 0.789 | 0.725–0.843 | 0.269 | 83.3% | 74.2% | 72.9% | ||
| T2-FS | Baseline | 19 | 0.725 | 0.657–0.786 | – | 61.1% | 74.2% | 66.5% | |
| Erosion | 20 | 0.696 | 0.627–0.760 | 0.319 | 55.6% | 77.4% | 61.0% | ||
| Smoothing | 4 | 0.845 | 0.787–0.893 | 0.001* | 72.2% | 74.2% | 70.6% | ||
| Dilation | 20 | 0.800 | 0.737–0.854 | 0.042* | 66.7% | 74.2% | 70.8% | ||
| Dilation5 | 18 | 0.868 | 0.813–0.912 | < 0.001* | 77.8% | 87.1% | 76.5% | ||
| Dilation7 | 13 | 0.802 | 0.739–0.855 | 0.028* | 83.3% | 67.7% | 72.9% |
Baseline no processing with the accurate VOIs, Erosion erosion operation, Smoothing smoothing operation, Dilation dilation with structural element radius size of 3, Dilation5 dilation with structural element radius size of 5, Dilation7 dilation with structural element radius size of 7, AUC area under receiver operating characteristic curve, CI confidence interval, SEN sensitivity, SPE specificity, ACCU accuracy, * p < 0.05 with DeLong test representing statistically significant difference in VOI-operated model and Baseline model