. 2019 Dec 20;20:611. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2995-0

Table 1.

Muscle Architectural Properties

Muscle	Mass (g)	Muscle Length (cm)	Fiber Length (cm)	Ls (μm)	Pennation (deg)	PCSA (cm2)	LFN/LMN ratio
Pectineus ^a	24.95 ± 2.31^c-f,h	12.27 ± 0.52^c,e-g	10.38 ± 0.53^b-g	2.72 ± 0.05^b,d,e,g	0.17 ± 0.80	2.27 ± 0.17^c-h	0.85 ± 0.03^b,d,f
Piriformis ^b	19.10 ± 1.59^a,c-f,h	11.83 ± 0.66^c,e-g	8.37 ± 0.51^a,c,e,g,h	2.47 ± 0.03^a,c,f,h	2.83 ± 1.00	2.17 ± 0.15^c-h	0.65 ± 0.03^a,c,e-h
Superior Gemellus ^c	3.52 ± 0.61^a,b,d,f-h	5.83 ± 0.26^a,b,d,f-g	4.85 ± 0.32^a,b,d,f-h	2.85 ± 0.09^b,d-g	0.00 ± 0.00	0.68 ± 0.12^a-b,d,f-h	0.87 ± 0.02^b,d,f
Obturator Internus ^d	34.50 ± 2.60^a-c,e,h	13.12 ± 0.27^c,e-g	8.77 ± 0.34^a,c,g,h	2.57 ± 0.03^a,c,h	2.50 ± 1.12	3.76 ± 0.28^a-c,e-f,h	0.63 ± 0.02^a,c,e-h
Inferior Gemellus ^e	5.90 ± 0.59^a,b,d,f-h	6.37 ± 0.31^a,b,d,f,h	5.64 ± 0.25^a,b,d,f,h	2.45 ± 0.03^a,c,f,h	0.50 ± 0.50	1.02 ± 0.11^a-b,d,f-g	0.81 ± 0.03^b,d
Obturator Externus ^f	38.80 ± 2.50^a-c,e-h	10.26 ± 0.51^a-h	8.04 ± 0.42^a,c,e,g-h	2.64 ± 0.04^b,c,e	1.67 ± 1.24	4.54 ± 0.16^a-e,g-h	0.77 ± 0.03^a-d
Quadratus Femoris ^g	25.29 ± 2.89^c,e,f,h	7.20 ± 0.41^a-d,f,h	6.37 ± 0.34^a-d,f,h	2.53 ± 0.02^a,c,h	0.00 ± 0.00	3.75 ± 0.42^a-c,e-f,h	0.83 ± 0.02^b,d
Gluteus Minimus ^h	92.15 ± 10.87^a-g	13.11 ± 0.85^c,e-g	10.30 ± 0.77^b-g	2.79 ± 0.06^b,d,e,g	1.67 ± 1.45	8.29 ± 0.51^a-g	0.81 ± 0.01^b,d

Values are expressed as mean ± standard error. L_s Sarcomere Length. PCSA Physiologic Cross Sectional Area. L_m Muscle length normalized to neutral sarcomere length of 2.7 μm

^s Significantly different than pectineus, ^s Significantly different than piriformis, ^s Significantly different than superior gemellus, ^d Significantly different than obturator internus, ^e Significantly different than inferior gemellus, ^f Significantly different than obturator externus, ^g Significantly different than quadratus femoris, ^h Significantly different than gluteus minimus