Table 2.
Components of the Reported Edmonton Frail Scale in the Studied Participants
| Components | All (N=324) | Male (N=197) | Female (N=127) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognition: clock drawing test | ||||
| No errors | 63 (19.4) | 46 (23.4) | 17 (13.4) | 0.011 |
| Minor spacing errors | 147 (45.4) | 93 (47.2) | 54 (42.5) | |
| Other errors | 114 (35.2) | 58 (29.4) | 56 (44.1) | |
| Health status: | ||||
| Admissions to hospital in the past year | ||||
| No admission | 182 (56.2) | 109 (55.3) | 73 (57.5) | 0.643 |
| 1–2 admissions | 118 (36.4) | 75 (38.1) | 43 (33.9) | |
| >2 admissions | 24 (7.4) | 13 (6.6) | 11 (8.7) | |
| Description of health | ||||
| Excellent/very good/good | 24 (7.4) | 17 (8.6) | 7 (5.5) | 0.148 |
| Fair | 281 (86.7) | 172 (87.3) | 109 (85.8) | |
| Poor | 19 (5.9) | 8 (4.1) | 11 (8.7) | |
| Functional independence: activities requiring help | ||||
| 0–1 activities | 58 (17.9) | 46 (23.4) | 12 (9.4) | 0.001 |
| 2–4 activities | 169 (52.2) | 104 (52.8) | 65 (51.2) | |
| 5–8 activities | 97 (29.9) | 47 (23.9) | 50 (39.4) | |
| Social support: someone able to help | ||||
| Always | 219 (67.6) | 125 (63.5) | 94 (74.0) | 0.047 |
| Sometimes | 105 (32.4) | 72 (36.5) | 33 (26.0) | |
| Never | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Medication: | ||||
| Using ≥5 medications | 149 (46.0) | 80 (40.6) | 69 (54.3) | 0.016 |
| Forget to take medication sometimes | 70 (21.6) | 50 (25.4) | 20 (15.7) | 0.040 |
| Nutrition: weight loss | 18 (5.6) | 10 (5.1) | 8 (6.3) | 0.639 |
| Mood: sadness or depression | 98 (30.2) | 55 (27.9) | 43 (33.9) | 0.256 |
| Incontinence | 79 (24.4) | 50 (25.4) | 29 (22.8) | 0.602 |
| Self-reported performance | ||||
| Can do heavy work around the house without help | 70 (21.6) | 52 (26.4) | 18 (14.2) | 0.009 |
| Can go up and down stairs without help | 209 (64.5) | 145 (73.6) | 64 (50.4) | <0.001 |
| Can walk 1 km without help | 68 (21.0) | 47 (23.9) | 21 (16.5) | 0.114 |
Note: Data are shown as n (%).