Table 2.
Application of MSC therapy in the treatment of female reproductive dysfunction.
| MSC types | Disease | Treatment | Model | Main results | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone marrow stromal cells | Ovarian dysfunction | CTX-induced ovarian failure | Intravenous injection | Rabbit | Ovarian function ↑ | 31 |
| CTX-induced ovarian failure | Local injection | Mice | Restore ovarian hormone production | 34 | ||
| Endometrial disorders | 24-gauge needle-induced AS | Labeled with SPIOs local/tail vein injection | Mice | Endometrial proliferation ↑ | 41 | |
| Refractory AS | Uterine artery injection | Human | Reconstruct the endometrium | 40 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Adipose-derived stem cells | Ovarian dysfunction | Cisplatin-induced ovarian failure | Local injection | Mice | Ovarian function ↑ | 49 |
| TG-induced ovarian damage | Collagen scaffold | Rat | Fertility ↑ | 51 | ||
| Endometrial disorders | Trichloroacetic acid-induced AS | Intraperitoneal injection | Rat | Fibrosis ↓, endometrial proliferation ↑ | 52 | |
|
| ||||||
| MB-MSCs | Ovarian dysfunction | CTX-induced POF | Local injection | Mice | Ovarian weight ↑, hormone secretion ↓ | 59 |
| Cisplatin-induced POF | Local injection | Mice | Ovarian function ↑, fibroblast growth factor 2 ↑ | 62 | ||
| Endometrial disorders | Severe AS | Deliver through the cervix to the fundus of the uterus | Human | Endometrial thickness ↑ | 70 | |
| Mechanical injured-induced intrauterine adhesion | Local injection | Rat | Pregnancy rate ↑ | 77 | ||
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| ||||||
| UC-MSCs | Ovarian dysfunction | CTX-induced POF | Tail vein injection | Mice | Weight of the ovaries ↑, estradiol ↑, | 80 |
| Paclitaxel-induced POF | Local injection | Rat | Follicle-stimulating hormone ↓, estradiol ↑, ovarian function ↑ | 81 | ||
| Perimenopausal ovary | Tail vein injection | Rat | Estradiol ↑, follicle-stimulating hormone ↓, follicle number ↑ | 85 | ||
| Busulfan CTX-induced premature ovarian insufficiency | Local injection | Mice | Fertility ↑, ovarian functions ↑ | 77 | ||
| Endometrial disorders | Uterine niche | Local intramuscular injection | Human | Uterine scar reconstruction ↑, uterine niche incidence ↓ | 91 | |
| 95% ethanol-induced endometrial injury | Tail vein injection | Rat | Fertility ↑, endometrial fibrosis ↓, angiogenesis ↑ | 87 | ||
CTX: cyclophosphamide; TG: tripterygium glycosides; ↑: increase; ↓: decrease.