Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| NC | MCI | AD | P value | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 148 | 283 | 51 | 482 | |
| Age at baseline, years | 75.49 ± 6.45 | 72.22 ± 7.41 | 75.39 ± 8.06 | <.01 | 73.56 ± 7.36 |
| Sex, % female | 49% | 46% | 35% | .22 | 46% |
| % Non-Hispanic white | 95% | 96% | 94% | .69 | 95% |
| Education, years | 16.43 ± 2.72 | 16.15 ± 2.61 | 16.04 ± 2.72 | .52 | 16.22 ± 2.65 |
| % APOE-ε4 carriers | 26% | 44% | 75% | <.01 | 42% |
| Memory performance | 1.02 ± 0.60 | 0.28 ± 0.72 | −0.93 ± 0.56 | <.01 | 0.38 ± 0.87 |
| Executive function | 0.85 ± 0.81 | 0.36 ± 0.86 | −0.92 ± 0.89 | <.01 | 0.38 ± 0.98 |
| CSF Aβ-42, pg/mL | 192.33 ± 52.86 | 172.77 ± 50.36 | 142.79 ± 41.23 | <.01 | 175.61 ± 52.18 |
| CSF t-tau, pg/mL | 70.22 ± 32.43 | 90.19 ± 54.89 | 126.92 ± 55.76 | <.01 | 87.87 ± 51.65 |
| Telomere length, bp | 5339.56 ± 376.07 | 5396.59 ± 378.89 | 5434.82 ± 419.15 | .20 | 5383.12 ± 382.92 |
| Imaging outcomes | |||||
| N | 135 | 258 | 47 | 440 | |
| ILV volume, mm3 | 1337.26 ± 962.20 | 1689.84 ± 1272.48 | 3041.30 ± 1531.83 | <.01 | 1726.02 ± 1307.23 |
| Hippocampal volume, mm3 | 7350.61 ± 932.06 | 7057.93 ± 1126.00 | 5325.72 ± 1110.20 | <.01 | 6962.70 ± 1214.52 |
| Default mode network thickness | 55.95 ± 2.94 | 55.91 ± 2.99 | 51.26 ± 3.50 | <.01 | 55.43 ± 3.35 |
| Frontal lobe thickness | 58.64 ± 3.15 | 58.73 ± 2.71 | 56.35 ± 3.57 | <.01 | 58.45 ± 3.03 |
| Medial temporal lobe thickness | 23.45 ± 1.63 | 22.89 ± 2.11 | 20.13 ± 2.29 | <.01 | 22.77 ± 2.20 |
| Sensorimotor cortex thickness | 3443.52 ± 576.90 | 3598.44 ± 524.87 | 3496.50 ± 545.02 | .02 | 3540.02 ± 546.87 |
| Intracranial volume, mm3 | 1494888.74 ± 149356.69 | 1525088.05 ± 153513.36 | 1510446.81 ± 154640.18 | .17 | 1514233.74 ± 152630.51 |
NOTE. Boldface indicates P values less than .05. Values are either mean ± standard deviation or % of total.
Abbreviations: NC, normal cognition; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer's disease; APOE, apolipoprotein E; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; Aβ-42, β-amyloid-42; bp, base pair; ILV, inferior lateral ventricle.